Artical Title: Oncology pharmacists’ response to COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan: The King Hussein Cancer Center experience

Abstract

Oncology hospital pharmacists are among the frontline health care workers who are participating in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic. They must be fully prepared to maintain the continuity of care for vulnerable cancer patients. In Jordan, the ministry of health has launched an official website for COVID-19 disease to create awareness about the disease and to provide general guidance documents to hospitals, workplaces, companies, families, and travellers. However, there was no specific guidance for oncology hospital pharmacies. This paper aims to share the COVID-19 pandemic response model of the pharmacy department at King Hussein Cancer Centre in Jordan. The pharmacy department made six strategic responses: maintaining patient care, maintaining the safety of pharmacy staff, maintaining medication supply, multi-stakeholder collaboration, education, and rapid access to drug information. We recommend those responses as minimum requirements for pandemic response plans of oncology hospital pharmacy.

Biography

Artical Title: You’ll never walk alone

Abstract

Happiness is an elusive entity and difficult to define, especially in time of uncertainty and change. Yet, loneliness, which can be thought as the opposite of happiness in many ways, is also a very particular condition and relates to a feeling that is very clearly connected to the current pandemic COVID-19 which entailed isolation, lockdowns and social distancing. This study examines the change in feelings of loneliness in relation to the pandemic and in relation to local and individual cultural factors. Using data for the UK on regional (super output level) and individual level from the Office of National Statistics, I employ difference-indifferences approach to explore the role of local level of altruism and social capital as a pre-determinant of the experienced level of loneliness before and during the pandemic. Using a hierarchical model, I also explore the relationship of interpersonal differences in demographic characteristics and cultural attitudes (especially degree of religiosity) as predictors of the differences in the aggregate social experience of loneliness across space. The results show that controlling for objective socio-economic factors of the Mincer equation, loneliness associates significantly and negatively with mental health and positively with levels of religiosity of an individual. It is also in negative relationship with the local level of altruism and social capital. Places with low levels of altruism experience higher levels of loneliness both before and during the pandemic. These findings suggest that the religious narrative has the role of an alleviation of pain in the subjective utility function of people, but effectively and objectively places that are less altruistic experience greater loneliness with the corresponding greater mental health aftermaths.

Biography

Annie Tubadji is a Senior Lecturer in Economics. She is a cultural economist teaching economics and research methods. Annie has previously worked at: University of Bologna, Italy; University of the Aegean, Greece; Institute for Employment Research (IAB), Germany; as well as UNDP and UNICEF. She is the holder of the Shackle Scholarship at St. Edmunds, Cambridge University, the UK, for 2015-2016. Annie's main areas of expertise are New Cultural Economics (NCE) and Regional Economics. She focuses on the cultural bias in economic choice as a function of the interaction between the micro and macro levels. She was the Cluster Leader for Microeconomics at the Bristol Centre for Economics and Finance (BCEF) and the organizer of the BCEF Economic Research Seminar Series. She is currently co-organizing with Dr. Dilshad Jahan the Seminar Series of the Economics Department at Swansea University.

Artical Title: Imaging trend and disease course in admitted COVID-19 patients

Abstract

Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)- a global pandemic declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 11, 2020, for a lower respiratory tract illness of unknown origin that started as an outbreak in Wuhan City of China in December 2019- was found to be a novel strain of corona virus as determined on bronchoalveolar lavage of the affected patients. The disease is still prevalent in whole world, greatly affecting not only the healthcare systems but also severely impacting on world’s economy, travel, trade and behaviours of mankind. Objectives: To describe radiographic imaging findings and disease course in admitted COVID-19 patients. Methods: This retrospective study was carried in the Radiology Department, King Fahad Military Medical Complex, Dhahran between March to August 2020 (6 months). All laboratory confirmed COVID-19 admitted cases were evaluated for their symptoms, duration of hospital stays (in a ward or intensive care unit [ICU]), and imaging findings (groundglass opacity [GGO], air-space shadowing/ consolidation, and others such as atelectasis, reticulation, peribronchovascular thickening, lymphadenopathy and pleural effusion) on chest radiograph (CXR) and computed tomography (CT) studies. Cavitation, nodularity, bronchiectasis, and embolism detected on CT scans were considered as complications. Disease course in terms of recovery (radiographic regression or resolution of findings), worsening (shifting from ward to ICU), and unfavourable outcome (persistent ICU stay or death) were recorded. Chi-square test was used to determine association. Results: Out of 106 patients, majority were males (n=82, 77.4%). Forty-six patients (43.3%) had abnormal imaging with mostly peripheral GGO (56.5%), followed by consolidations (34.7%), and others (26%). Complications were detected in 6 ICU patients. All patients with unfavourable outcomes were above 60 years having comorbidities or complications (p less than 0.0005). Conclusions: Coronavirus disease 2019 is seen mostly affecting males, with peripheral opacities as common imaging findings. Elderly patients with co-morbidities may show unfavourable outcomes.

Biography

Artical Title: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic on blood supplies and transfusion services in eastern mediterranean region

Abstract

Background: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spurred a global health crisis. The safety and supply of blood during this pandemic has been a concern of blood banks and transfusion services as it is expected to adversely affect blood system activities. We aim to assess the situation in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) during the first months of the pandemic. Materials and methods: A survey was designed to address blood supply, transfusion demand, and donor management during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. Medical directors of different blood banks were invited to participate. Results: A total of 16 centers participated with representation from 15/19 countries in the region. In total, 75% were from national blood banks. Most centres had a decrease in the blood supply, ranging from 26-50%. Representatives from 14 countries (93.3%) believed that public fear has contributed to a decrease in donations. Most centres (n=12, 75%) had a reduction in transfusion demand, while those who did not, reported heavy involvement in treating patients with underlying haemoglobinopathies and haematological malignancies. Half of the centres activated their contingency plans. Four centres had to alter the blood donor eligibility criteria to meet demands. All centres implemented donor deferral criteria in relation to SARS-CoV-2, but were variable in measures to mitigate the risk of donor and staff exposure. Conclusion: Blood services in the region faced variable degrees of blood shortages. We summarize lessons learnt during this pandemic for the blood banks to consider to plan, assess, and respond proportionately to future similar pandemics.

Biography

Artical Title: Keys to the practice of nursing leadership in community health

Abstract

The current situation regarding healthcare has positioned the health system in the need of reflecting on how the service has been addressed after COVID-19 and what can we learned with this crisis. The current mechanisms of the healthcare response have sometimes been poorly thought through. We have succumbed to the crisis by approaching it as lysis and in a reactive manner sustained over time. This has meant a return to the medicalization of community services. It is important to look to the future from what has been learned and to see what role community nurses should play in the 21st century to achieve improvements in the health of communities. The needs of the population are changing, post-pandemic even more so. People are dependent and require trained caregivers to care for them at home, to ensure not only life maintenance, but also comfort and safety. The increasingly prevalent chronic pathologies, which in the pandemic have not had a correct, real, well-supervised care attention, must be taken up again. A nursing attention capable of anticipating is much more needed as well as, leading health promotion strategies with other agents in a shared manner. Thus, we need to analyze where the needs of people are, taking into account patients, caregivers and nurses. With these elements we propose a new organization of the practice of nursing care in the community environment. The need to create services coordinated with the hospital, the implementation of different community tools to enhance functional recovery and support for people at the end of their life. Additionally, value needs to be placed on home care, health schools and self-care training as key elements to build a new nursing service approach. Maintaining the nursing caregiver presence can provide individualized care with the possibility of the exercise of free choice of nurse.

Biography

The author has been a nursing professional for more than 30 years. She created the first School of Cares in a Spanish hospital as a strategy to prevent the fatigue of the people who take care and are not health professionals. She has worked so that the Community of Madrid approved the law of Free Election of Nurse in 2010. She has been a manager of a community hospital awarded as the best service in the territory of Madrid. She was also the scientific coordinator of the Strategy of Chronicity in Spain. She has trained nurses in leadership in many different countries and participated in more than twenty scientific interventions per year. She has received numerous awards and acknowledgements and has been called as one of the 24 health experts convened by the reconstruction commission of the Spanish Parliament after the COVID 19 pandemic.

Artical Title: Evaluation of anthropometry as an alternative to DXA as predictor of low bone mineral density in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis

Abstract

Background & Aims: Low bone mineral density (BMD) for age in people with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is associated with worse nutritional status. The aim of this study is to assess body composition by anthropometry as a predictor of BMD in people with CF. Methods: Multicenter cross-sectional study with 39 people aged 5 and 20 years with CF. BMD was assessed by dual energy x-ray emission (DXA) in the incidence of the total body less head (TBLH) and the TBLH Z-score (Z-TBLH) was calculated, adjusted by sex, age, height and ethnicity. Anthropometry was assessed by weight, height, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) and triceps skinfold (TSF). Arm muscle area (AMA) and Body Mass Index (BMI) were calculated. Lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM) and free-fat mass (FFM) were identified by DXA. Statistical models of simple and multiple linear regression were created to establish the predictive power of Z-TBLH in the variables. Results: Average age of the participants was 13.31 ± 3.86 years, 59% of whom were male. They showed more LM (30.97 Kg ± 11.29) than females (23 Kg ± 6.73). 20 of 30 participants (66.7%) had at least copy of F508del. Among the multiple models, adjusted by height, age and sex, it found BMI (R² = 0.367), Weight (R² = 0.220), AMA (R² = 0.338) as significant predictors of Z-TBLH. The final model composed of AMA, TSF and Age (p = 0.001; R² = 0.381) had AMA and Age as significant predictors. AMA was associated with an increase in the BMD Z-score in the participants studied. Conclusion: A statistical model composed of the values of AMA, TSF and Age can predict Z-TBLH, as well as anthropometric variables Weight, or BMI, or AMA associated with height, age and sex, in children and adolescents aged 5 to 20 years old, of both sexes.

Biography

Artical Title: Current perspectives on contemporary rheumatic mitral valve repair

Abstract

Objectives: Although the superiority of mitral valve repair (MVr) over replacement (MVR) is well-established in degenerative mitral valve (MV) disease, its role remains controversial in rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Nonetheless, many surgeons agree valve reconstruction should be the preferred primary correction as it boasts copious advantages over MVR. The aim of the review is to investigate current MVr techniques in RHD that address previous concerns of reproducibility, reliability, and longterm durability. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Medline using the keywords “mitral valve repair”, “valve repair techniques”, and “rheumatic heart disease”. Thirteen observational studies between 1970 and 2020 were reviewed; analysis was emphasized on surgical techniques employed. Results: Several studies observed a relationship between the degree of diseased tissue and durability of repaired rheumatic lesions. The current trend of MVr techniques emphasize resection of fibrotic rheumatic tissue plaguing valves, including leaflet peeling and shaving, yielding excellent clinical outcomes in studies employing this ‘aggressive’ approach. Of note, two studies found the usage of leaflet-related techniques to be a significant risk factor for valve failure, but mention reserving such methods for severe RHD. Other valuable techniques for successful contemporary RHD MVr include commissurotomy, chordal resection, chordal fenestration, and annuloplasty. Conclusions: Durability of MVr is likely compromised not simply due to high technical demand, but a surgeon’s reluctance; a common notion is that advanced rheumatic lesions are better treated by MVR instead of applying several MVr techniques. Thus, the current ‘aggressive’ MVr trend will both directly address the underlying rheumatic aetiology, and according to several authors, lower a surgeon’s reluctance to repair, thereby enhancing durability.

Biography

Artical Title: Maternal mortality among African, American women maternal care: A communication studies perspective

Abstract

Maternal mortality as well as pregnancy-related complications have continued to plague African American communities in the United States. Black women are three to four times likely to die from pregnancy-related complications compared to non-Hispanic White women. In some states, those rates are even higher. To address this problem, I engage in critical qualitative research on the prenatal and postnatal experiences of African American women. In my previous and ongoing research, I approach the problem of maternal mortality among African American women from a communication studies perspective-paying close attention to interactions between healthcare providers and African American women during maternal healthcare visits. This way, I have analyzed the communicative acts within the healthcare contexts, and how those messages (spoken and unspoken) (dis) empower women and advance the experience of mistrust and non-compliance. Through critical race theory and relational dialectics theory, I examine what structural barriers exist in the U.S. healthcare system, those that limit access to quality care during their prenatal and postnatal doctor’s visits. Additionally, I examine the presence and role of cultural, marginalizing, discourses in physician-patient interactions and how that generally impact healthcare outcomes. Findings from this study reveal racially insensitive biomedical approach, racial discrimination, systemic racism, as well as dominant discourse of “the strong Black woman”. These findings offer insights for healthcare providers on communicative practices that foster a racially-safe healthcare environment for African American women as well as other Black women in marginalized positions across the world.

Biography

Dr. Tosin Adebayo earned her Ph.D. in Communication Studies from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee in 2020. She is currently an assistant professor at Towson University, Maryland, USA. As an intercultural and health communication scholar, she critically studies Black women’s maternal healthcare experiences. Her research examines how cultural discourses and differences impact healthcare experiences of Black women. Presently, she is investigating what types of discourses are evoked in African American women’s interactions with healthcare providers during prenatal and postnatal visits. Her long-term research agenda seeks to explore the role of racial and cultural identity and realities in medical interactions, particularly for Black women and immigrant populations. Her work has been published in Health Communication, International Journal for Equity in Health, Journal of Transcultural Nursing, Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, Communication Teacher, Journal of International Students, and Journal of the Association for Communication Administration.

Artical Title: A community-based, crosssectional study to assess interactions between income, nutritional status and enteric parasitism in two Brazilian cities: Are we moving positively towards 2030

Abstract

Background: This study assessed the inter-actions between income, nutritional status and intestinal parasitism inchildren in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study (n = 421 children aged 1 to 14 years living in the states of Piauí (rural communities in the city of Teresina) and Rio de Janeiro (rural and periurban communities in the city of Cachoeiras de Macacu) was performed in order to obtain income and anthropometric data, as well as fecal samples for parasitological analyses through the Ritchie technique. Results: Children infected with Ascaris lumbricoides had significantly lower means of height for-age z scores (− 1.36± 0.75 vs. − 0.11 ± 1.02; p < 0.001), weight-for-age z scores (− 1.23 ± 0.74 vs. 0.09 ± 1.15; p = 0.001), and weight-forheight z scores (− 0.68 ± 0.44 vs. 0.23 ± 1.25; p = 0.006) when compared with uninfected children. Infection with hook worm was also associated with lower means of height-for-age z scores (− 1.08 ± 1.17 vs. − 0.12 ± 1.02; p = 0.015) and weight-for-age z scores (− 1.03 ± 1.13 vs. 0.08 ± 1.15; p = 0.012). Children infected with Entamoeba coli presented significantly lower means of height for-age z scores (− 0.54 ± 1.02 vs. − 0.09 ± 1.02; p = 0.005) and weight-for-age z scores (− 0.44 ± 1.15 vs. 0.12 ± 1.15; p = 0.002). The multivariate multiple linear regression analysis showed that height-for-age z scores are independently influenced by monthly per capita family income (β = 0.145; p = 0.003), female gender (β = 0.117; p = 0.015), and infections with A. lumbricoides (β = − 0.141; p = 0.006) and E. coli (β = − 0.100; p = 0.043). Weight-for-age z scores are influenced by monthly per capita family income (β = 0.175; p < 0.001), female gender (β = 0.123; p = 0.010), and infections with A. lumbricoides (β = − 0.127; p = 0.012), and E. coli (β = − 0.101; p = 0.039). Monthly per capita family income (β = 0.102; p = 0.039) and female gender (β = 0.134; p = 0.007) positively influences mid upper arm circumpherence. Conclusions: Intestinal parasitism and low family income negatively influence the physical development of children in low-income communities in different Brazilian regions.

Biography

Artical Title: Association of BMI, physical activity with academic performance among female students of health Colleges of King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Body mass index (BMI) is an indicator to detect weight category and known to influence the academic achievements of students. The present study assesses the association of BMI, physical activity with academic performance among undergraduate female students of health colleges, King Khalid University (KKU). Responses from 379 participants were analyzed in the study. Data collection was done by administering an online questionnaire using the university website portal. The questionnaire consists of two sections: the first section includes demographic information along with cumulative Grade point average (GPA) and another section rated student’s physical activity. A high frequency of respondents (53.6%) ranged within the normal BMI category. For academic performance, the majority (79.9%) of students reported high GPA scores with a mean of 4.28±0.41. Upon correlation, academic performance was found negatively correlated with BMI at 0.0001 level of significance, and insignificantly correlated with physical activity. The present study observed that more than half of the respondents had normal BMI. An inverse relationship was observed between BMI and academic performance, showing participants within the normal BMI category achieved significantly higher GPA. In contrast, physical activity directly influenced the academic performance of the subjects. Therefore, the study suggests to enact counselling centers, health clubs in universities urging the students to adopt regular exercise and healthy lifestyle which could prepare them in achieving future endeavors.

Biography

Artical Title: Influence of emotions on purchase loyalty among child consumers: The moderating role of family communication patterns

Abstract

Though the role of emotion and family communication patterns in purchase behavior including purchase loyalty is essentially significant, it has received scant empirical attention in the context of children’s consumption behavior. Thus, the present study aimed to explore the influence of children’s emotions induced by food product TV commercials, particularly pleasure and arousal, on their purchase loyalty. It also examined the moderating effects of socio- and concept-oriented family communication patterns on this relationship. The empirical analysis of survey data of 209 fifth- and sixth-grade Iranian students through confirmatory factor analytic approaches and structural equations modeling indicates the need for reflecting on their emotions as they intend to make purchase decisions. Our findings reveal that children’s emotion exercises a significant impact on their purchase loyalty and the more positive they feel about a product, the more loyal they remain towards it. Regarding the moderating roles of family communication patterns, it is found that these maverick consumers make purchase decisions independently regardless of their parents’ communication styles. The achievements not only contribute to the theory of planned behavior by indicating emotion as a significant attitudinal element affecting purchase behavior but also they have crucial implications for developing effective marketing communication strategies for young-consumer markets.

Biography

Artical Title: The association between the intensity and duration of non-pharmacological interventions and covid-19 infection and excess mortality

Abstract

Background: We evaluated the association of intensity and duration of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) and implementation of vaccination strategies with COVID-19 infection and excess mortality (EM) in Europe. Methods: Data comes from Our Word in Data, we include 22 European countries from January 20, 2020, to May 30, 2021. The time-varying constrained distribution lag model was used in each country to estimate the impact of different intensities and duration of NPIs on COVID-19 control, also considering vaccination coverage. We defined the main effect as the independent impact of daily intensive interventions. The added effect was defined as the added risk due to the duration of NPIs. Country-specific effects were pooled through multivariate meta-analytic. Results: This study found that high-intensity and long-duration of NPIs showed a positive main effect on reducing infection in the absence of vaccines, especially in the intensity above the 80th percentile and lasted 7days (RR=0.93, 95% CI:0.89-0.98). However, it was also associated with an increase in excess mortality and the average main effect showed an increasing trend with the duration and intensity. Specifically, it was associated with an increase of 44.16% (RR=1.44; 95% CI: 1.27-1.64) in the excess mortality under the strict intervention (the intensity above the 80th percentile and lasted for 21days). After the vaccination rollouts, the inhibition of the strict intervention on cases growth rate was increased (RR dropped from 0.95 to 0.87). Simultaneously, vaccination also alleviated the negative impact of the strict intervention on excess mortality (RR decreased from 1.44 before vaccination rollouts to 1.25 after vaccination rollouts). Besides, maintaining the strict intervention after the vaccination rollouts appeared to more reduce the cases, as well as avoids more overall burden of deaths compared with weak intervention. Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of continued high-intensity NPIs in low vaccine coverage. Lifting of NPIs in insufficient vaccination coverage may cause increased infections and death burden. Policymakers should coordinate the intensity and duration of NPIs and allocate medical resources reasonably with widespread vaccination.

Biography

Artical Title: Lot-size models with uncertain demand considering its skewness/kurtosis and stochastic programming applied to hospital pharmacy with sensor-related COVID-19 data

Abstract

Governments have been challenged to provide timely medical care to face the COVID- 19 pandemic. Under this pandemic, the demand for pharmaceutical products has changed significantly. Some of these products are in high demand while for others their demand falls sharply. These changes in the random demand patterns are connected with changes in the skewness (asymmetry) and kurtosis of their data distribution. Such changes are crit- ical to determining optimal lots and inventory costs. The lot-size model helps to make decisions based on probabilistic demand when calculating the optimal costs of supply us- ing two-stage stochastic programming. The objective of this study is to evaluate how the skewness and kurtosis of the distribution of demand data, collected through sensors, affect the modeling of in-ventories of public hospital pharmacies helpful to treat COVID-19. The use of stochastic programming allows us to obtain results under demand uncertainty that are closer to reality. We carry out a simulation study to evaluate the performance of our methodology under different demand scenarios with diverse degrees of skewness and kur- tosis. A case study in the field of hospital pharmacy with sensor-related COVID-19 data is also provided. An algorithm that permits us to use sensors when submitting requests for supplying pharmaceutical products in the hospital treatment of COVID-19 is designed. We show that the coefficients of skewness and kurtosis impact the total costs of inventory that involve order, purchase, holding, and shortage. We conclude that the asymmetry and kurto- sis of the demand statistical distribution seem not to affect the first-stage lot-size decisions. However, demand patterns with high positive skewness are related to significant increases in expected inventories on hand and shortage, increasing the costs of second-stage deci- sions. Thus, distributions that are highly asymmetrical to the right and leptokurtic favor high total costs in probabilistic lot-size systems.

Biography

Artical Title: COVID-19 and sustainable development goals (SDGs): An appraisal of the emanating effects in Nigeria

Abstract

The paper appraised the emanating effect of COVID-19 on sustainable development goals (SDGs) in Nigeria through conceptual analysis and the systematic illustration of the prevailing incidents. It was affirmed that the preoccupation with the COVID-19 cases caused many other critical socioeconomic issues (like education, infrastructure development, and employment) to suffer a state of negligence or be overlooked. Like other developing countries, Nigeria could become poorer, given the increased unemployment rate and the anticipated difficulty in servicing debt resulting from the COVID-19 outbreak. Hence, festering challenges including poverty, limited access to health care, low education quality, poor road networks among others, could be further entrenched. These incidents could be detrimental to sustainable development goals (SDGs) 2030 agenda. The current crisis, therefore, poses a threat to Nigeria’s development prospects, as it may take more time to recover, especially in the post-COVID-19 era. Thus, it is critical to recognize the significance of securing strong institutional regulatory setup and resources (including financial and material resources) needed to facilitate sustainable change in the economy.

Biography

Fisayo Fagbemi is a research fellow at the European Xtramile Centre of African Studies (EXCAS). His current role includes contributions in grant writing in the domains of economic development and social sciences, and capacity development in data analysis and public policy design. Before joining the EXCAS, he had engaged in a broad range of research, policy advisory consulting, and operations on social policy issues including fiscal, financial sector, governance, resource management and socioeconomic issues in Nigeria. Fagbemi is an author of many articles on financial development, poverty reduction, public sector, development and health economics. He earned a degree and MScs in economics from Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Artical Title: Belief salience, religious activities, frequency of prayer offering, religious offering preference and mental health: A study of religiosity among Muslim student

Abstract

To investigate role of belief salience, participation in religious activities, religious offering preference and prayer offering positively predicts mental health among university students. It is a cross-sectional research design carried out in International Islamic University Islamabad, February 2018 to August 2018. Demographic variables were assessed by collecting information about age, education, marital status, family income and socioeconomic status. Mental Health Inventory-38 was used to measure mental health of the students, and in order to measure religiosity, Religiosity Measure Scale tapping belief salience, religious activities, frequency of prayer offering and religious offering preference was used. The results of the present study were analyzed through SPSS 21v. For computation of the findings, regression analysis and t test were applied. Study found that involvement in religious activities, prayer offering and belief salience positively predicts mental health among university students. Along with that, female students were also found to be highly involved in prayer offerings, religious offering preference and belief salience. However, there were no significant gender differences on participation in religious activities and mental health. It is recommended that development and enhancement of belief salience and religiosity in treatment of Muslim clients with psychological issues may boost their mental health. Therefore, these may be incorporated in treatment models.

Biography

Artical Title: Evaluation of copeptin and psychological stress among healthcare providers during covid-19 pandemic

Abstract

Background: The (COVID-19) pandemic created a remarkable impact on healthcare providers both physically and psychologically. Perceived psychological stress (PSS) influences the homeostatic equilibrium, involving activation of the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamus pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis. Copeptin; C-terminal portion of Vasopressin (AVP) precursor is stable, however, evidence about impact of PSS on copeptin levels is limited. Aim: Of this study was to estimate the influence of psychological stress on copeptin levels among healthcare providers working in intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A total of 70 healthcare providers (HCP) served in quarantine ICU participated in this prospective study; 35 physicians (28 males and 7 females) and 35 nurses (10 males and 25 females). A control group of 40 HCP matched age, BMI and specialty in non-quarantine hospitals. Fasting morning blood samples were withdrawn for determination of copeptin, cortisol, insulin at three points; first point was pre-quarantine at ICU. Second point at end of first week in quarantine and third point was two weeks’ post quarantine. A questionnaire was conducted to all participants to assess stress (PSS). Cortisol was determined by a chemiluminescence immunoassay while insulin and Copeptin were measured by ELISA. Results: Baseline plasma copeptin level pre-quarantine was significantly increased 15.76±8.6 pmol/l (P= 0.001*) and was positively correlated with high stress PSS score mean 66.9± 18.3. Post-quarantine copeptin was markedly reduced 3.98±1.28 pmol/l and mean PSS was 23.0±7.95(P= 0.001*). Also, there was positive correlation between plasma copeptin and PSS, systolic blood pressure and serum insulin. On the other hand, there was no correlation between copeptin and serum cortisol. Conclusion: Our finding suggested that copeptin may be used a potential biomarker for physiological strain during work in a stressful environment.

Biography

Artical Title: The biological and clinical implications of emerging SARSCoV-2 variant

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is continuing to evolve worldwide, emerging novel variants with spike protein mutations that are affecting the epidemiological and clinical aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although most mutations identified in the SARS-CoV-2 genome are neutral or mildly deleterious, a small number of mutations can affect virus phenotype that confers a fitness advantage. These mutations can increase rates of virus transmission, increase the risk of reinfection and reduce the protection afforded by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and vaccination. Since December 2020, the SARS-CoV-2 has generated four rapidly expanding strains, designated variants of concern (VOCs), including the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7), the Beta variant (B.1.351), the Gamma variant (P.1) and the Delta variant (B.1.617.2). These variants have multiple mutations in the immunodominant spike protein that facilities viral cell entry via the angiotensin-converting enzyme -2 (ACE2). Mutations in the receptor binding domain (RBD) on the spike protein are of great concern for their potential for immune escape. The B.1.1.7 variant emerged in the UK in the second half of 2020 that has spread globally and acquired the E484K mutation in the UK and the US. The Beta and Gamma variants emerged in South Africa and Brazil, respectively that have additional mutations in the RBD at positions E484 and K417. SARSCoV-2 variants containing the combination of N501Y, E484K, and K417N/T mutations have significantly reduced sensitivity to vaccine induced and convalescent sera. The Gamma variant may cause more severe disease even in persons who have been previously infected.The Delta variant emerged in India in December 2020 and has further spread to many countries including the United States and the United Kingdom. The delta variant has 8 mutations in the spike protein, including T19R, D157-158, L452R, T478K, D614G, P681R, and D950N. Several of these mutations may affect immune responses to the key antigenic regions of receptor binding protein (452 and 478) and deletion of part of the N-terminal domain. The spike protein mutations and other non-structurel mutations in the VOCs can cause escape approved vaccination in certain extend. Unfortunately, with the emergence of novel variants of SARS-CoV-2, early optimism regarding the development of COVID-19 vaccines has been tempered. This review highlights the biological and clinical effects of emerging novel SARS-CoV-2 variants and their impact on vaccine-elicited and monoclonal antibody-mediated neutralization.

Biography

Artical Title: The Shh/Gli1 signaling pathway regulates regeneration via transcription factor Olig1 expression after focal cerebral ischemia in rats

Abstract

Objective: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death in the global population, with a high disability and mortality rate. Lack of regenerative ability is considered to be the fundamental cause. This study aims to determine the effect of Shh pathway, which mediates regenerative signaling in response to CNS injury, on myelin repair and Olig1 expression in focal ischemic lesions in the rat. Methods: A model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established using the intraluminal suture method where the middle cerebral artery (MCA) was restricted for 120 min. Cyclopamine, a specific inhibitor of Shh, or saline was administered 12 h after MCAO surgery and lasted for 7 days. After MCA occlusion, male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to cyclopamine- or saline-treated groups. Rats of each group were randomly divided into 4 subgroup by observation time of days 1, 3, 7 and 14. A group of no-injection animals after MCAO was used as controls. The Shh signaling pathway, myelinogenesis-related factor MBP and Olig1 were tested by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR assay. Results: The levels of Shh and its component Gli1 were elevated from day 1 up to 14 following ischemia, indicating that the ShhGli1 axis was broadly reactivated. Treatment with cyclopamine can partially block the Shh signaling pathway, prevent myelin repair, and decrease the Olig1 expression following ischemic stroke. Conclusion: That blockade of Shh signaling concurrently with the creation of a lesion aggravated ischemic myelin damage, probably via its downstream effect on Olig1 transcription. Shh plays a contributory role during regeneration in the CNS, thereby providing promising new therapeutic strategies to assist in recovery from ischemic stroke.

Biography

Artical Title: Global leadership in IPECP research to address the quadruple aim

Abstract

The enduring and devastating COVID-19 pandemic has reminded the world of the importance of the health care transformation through interprofessional and inter-organizational collaboration to achieve Quadruple Aim (better health, better care, better value, and better work experience). Just like the global system-wide coordination required for vaccine development and deployment in response to the pandemic, global leadership is necessary to transform health care systems through the integration and incorporation of interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP). IPECP is not just an approach or strategy, rather IPECP reflects the philosophy of teamwork and collaboration across different professions, programs, institutions, and sectors. While significant improvements in the quality of IPECP research studies have been noted, there is still much to be achieved. The current need for IPECP research is to produce significant and scientifically sound evidence determining the impact of IPECP on the improvement of health outcomes and quality care and service; lowering of health care cost and the burden on health human resources; increasing the ‘collaborative practice-readiness’ of health and social care professionals; enhancing resilience and work experience; and the eventual improvement in population health. To meet these challenges, here are the global IPECP research priorities developed by interprofessionalresearch.global (IPR.Global: the Global Network for Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice Research): 1. Building the science and scholarship of IPECP through the discovery and integration of innovative evidence-informed strategies. 2. Identifying and applying innovative approaches that embrace and address the inherent complexity of interprofessional endeavours in healthcare. 3. Developing evidence of impact along the continuum from education to practice To further this agenda, in this interactive speech each of the above priorities along with examples of applied IPECP theoretical frameworks and research methodologies to achieve the priorities will be discussed.

Biography

Dr. Hossein Khalili, RN, BScN, MScN, PhD, FNAP is a world-renowned scholar, expert, and leader in the field of interprofessional education and collaborative practice (IPECP). He serves as the Director of University of Wisconsin Centre of Interprofessional Practice and Education, the President of the Global Network for Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice Research (known as InterprofessionalResearch.Global), an Adjunct Research Professor at Western University, a Member of Interprofessional.Global Leadership Team, a member of the Program Committee of the American Interprofessional Health Collaborative (AIHC), and a Board Member of the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative (CIHC). Dr. Khalili also serves in the Editorial Boards of the Journal of Interprofessional care, Journal of Geriatric Medicine, and Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research. Dr. Khalili has conducted (as PI & Co-I) over 25 research projects with over $7 million in funding; authored 80 journal papers/reports; eight books/chapters; (co)developed/ standardized and published six instruments and presented 130+ abstracts and invited speeches. Dr. Khalili’s original work on interprofessional Socialization Framework and Dual Identity Development has well-received around the globe and he has received numerous prestigious awards due to his excellent work in integrating research, teaching, and leadership in IPECP.

Artical Title: The effects of group counselling utilizing narrative therapy on self-esteem, stress response, and insight for individuals with alcohol dependency

Abstract

Alcoholism is a serious problem that is difficult to treat. This study investigated the effects of group counseling utilizing narrative therapy on self-esteem, stress response, and insight for alcoholism. Narrative therapy, unlike conventional strategies, is a subject-centered approach to managing problems by effectively enhancing one’s identity and value. Narrative therapy is a therapeutic approach that reinforces high self-determination regulations, focusing on rediscovery of forgotten positive values or identity. We utilized a nonequivalent control group, non-synchronized design. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Fisher’s exact test, Chi-squared test, independent and paired t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA. The experimental group showed significant improvements in self esteem (F = 14.03, p < .001), stress response (F = 4.31, p <.05), and insight (F = 21.27, p < .001) after the intervention compared with the control group. Additionally, there were significant improvements in self-esteem (t = −6.32, p < .05), stress response (t = 4.93, p < .05), and insight (t = −5.02, p <. 05) within the experimental group after the intervention. Thus, narrative therapy is recommended as an autonomous regulation approach for developing strengths necessary to refrain from alcoholism.

Biography

Artical Title: Effect of physical activity and nutrition education on body mass index, blood pressure and biochemical variables in overweight and obese adolescents

Abstract

Background: The majority of obese children live in developing countries. The ten-fold increase in obesity during the last four decades necessitates implementing interventions to mitigate the long-term effect of obesity into adulthood. The study aimed to determine the impact of physical activity and nutrition intervention on the body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and selected biochemical factors of overweight and obese children aged 13.0 to 16.1 years from eThekweni, South Africa. Methods: Participants (N = 41) with a BMI >85th percentile were included in the 10- week controlled trial of physical activity and nutrition education intervention. Baseline and end measurements included BMI, blood pressure, and fasting biochemical variables (glucose, cholesterol, insulin resistance and alanine aminotransferase). BMI was classified according to the WHO BMI z-scores. The 10- week intervention entailed combined aerobic and resistance exercises supervised twice a week together with once-a-week nutrition intervention. Participants performed additional unsupervised aerobic exercises three times a week. Results: Elevated systolic blood pressure (52%), low-density lipoprotein levels (29%), insulin (17%) and insulin resistance values (15%) were identified. The 10-week intervention programme significantly decreased BMI (30.8 ± 5.4 kg/m2 to 29.8 ± 5.7 kg/m2; p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (125.9 ± 15.7 mmHg to 115.2 ± 12.4 mmHg; p < 0.05), and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (2.63 mmol/L to 2.37 mmol/L; p < 0.05). Controlling for pre-testing variables as covariates, additional ANCOVA analysis highlighted significantly lower BMI (M = 28.33, F = 7.88, p < 0.05) and BMI z-scores (M = 2.08, F = 4.99, p < 0.05) in the intervention group post-testing. Conclusion: A 10-week physical activity and nutrition education intervention in overweight and obese adolescents significantly reduced BMI and showed trends of a decrease in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Biography

Artical Title: Genotoxic effects of air pollutants emanating from oil fields

Abstract

At present, the economy of several countries relies completely on the export of fossil fuels. To meet the growing demand of fossil fuels and strengthening the foreign reserve, oil companies in the respective country have to expand to new locations. However, oil extraction being an intricate process leads to manifold undesirable consequences such as oil spills related substantial contamination of the landscape, the environmental pollution, disturbance in the sustainability and biodiversity, and the health disturbances in humans living in the oil field regions. In 2009, Iraq's crude oil production averaged 2.4 million barrels per day, about the same as 2008 levels, and production in March 2016 stood at 4.55 million barrels a day. Millions of gallons of untreated toxic wastes, gas and crude oil are released into the environment. Oil mining mediated pollution may cause damage to humans and the environment. To investigate potential health risks for children living in this area, we recruited a sample of 6–8 year old school children residing within a 5 km radius around the oil field, and a control sample of children of the same age from a school 40 km away from the oil-field. Exfoliated buccal mucosa cells obtained from these children were analyzed applying the micronucleus (MN) cytome assay. Nuclear anomalies were significantly elevated in children living near the oil-field. Micronucleated cells 1.3-fold, nuclear buds 3-folds, binucleated cells 3-folds, karyorrhetic cells 4-folds and karyolysis more than 10 folds. It was shown that children living near to the oil field (with heavy air pollution) have a high level of MN in buccal mucosa cells compared to the control groups for both girls and boys. The frequency of micronuclei indicating genotoxicity increased after exposure. Based on the findings of the present study, air pollutants that generate from oil fields can induce mutagenic effects and cellular death, indicated by cell damage in oral mucosa cells.

Biography

Artical Title: Mechanisms of traumatic brain injury and Alzheimer disease risk

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the role of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Alzheimer disease. Introduction: The most common type of dementia; Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), and the cause of disability in young adults; TBI have credible associations but are relatively elusive, and highly complex in nature. Recently, alterations in blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity have been shown to have implications in dementing disorders. Further, downstream effects on capillaries may alter not only the behavior, but also cognitive output in the affected patient precipitating AD. Methods: PubMed and PubMed Central data bases were methodically searched for articles within the last ten years, incorporating the keywords- Alzheimer’s disease and TBI. After searching, original articles were included in the study. Results: A group of ten studies were analyzed. Briefly, Hayes et. al found that moderate to severe TBI is a stronger external risk factor for the gradual progression of AD as compared to the milder trauma. A retrospective study estimated prior history of TBI, and earlier onset of AD, and concluded that dementia occurred 2.8 years earlier in comparison to the control group (p = 0.002). Notably, one study hypothesized disruption of the glucose hemostasis in the brain that appears to be evoked by TBI relying on the premise of common mechanistic pathways. Most importantly, individuals with a genetic link to APOE ϵ4 allele have been shown to progress into AD pathophysiology over a relatively short interval following TBI insult. Conclusions: TBI does amplify the overall risk for AD. The mechanisms are multifactorial and include environmental, genetic, and cell-signaling components that partake in disease process. More likely than not, it is an injury led remodeling of the BBB that consequently triggers a cascade of reactions leading to hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein.

Biography

Artical Title: Preventive medicine: Perspectiveof classical Chinese medicine

Abstract

The Institute for Systems Biology has used the term “P4 Medicine” referring to Personalised, Predictive, Preventive and Participatory Medicine. Classical Chinese Medicine/CCM also has its own “P4 Medicine” – Personalised, Predictive, Preventive and Participatory Medicine. Needless to add, although these two versions may be said to share the same thin concept of P4 Medicine, they differ in the account of their thick concepts. This talk will, therefore, explore briefly the two conceptions of Medicine – on the one hand, Biomedicine/Bm today and on the other CCM. The dominant strands of Bm occur within a philosophical framework of Materialism (of Thing-ontology), its Reductionist methodology and its accompanying Humean-Newtonian causal model of linearity. In contrast, the Chinese philosophical framework is one bounded not simply by Thing-ontology but also by Process-ontology, with its Who list methodology and its accompanying causal model of multi-factorial, non-linear causality. The talk will further show that the CCM concept of Preventive Medicine is best explored in conjunction with its account of Predictive Medicine as it stands to reason to claim that an ability to prevent something from occurring presupposes an ability to foresee and to predict its occurrence. Examples will be cited from the history of CCM ranging from pre-natal to post-natal contexts, to environmental contexts including the nutritional strategy as a crucial measure of Preventive Medicine. It emphasises that for CCM, Preventive Medicine is key and it showers greatest praise on physicians who excel(ed) in it. This talk, therefore, brings out the commonalities as well as the differences between two different medical perspectives and to show that paradoxically what has a very ancient ring about it (CCM) is at once also very “advanced” and “up-to-date” while what is very “up-to-date” and forward-looking brings forth resonance of something ancient.

Biography

Artical Title: The evaluation of helicopter emergency medical services with a physician for acute myocardial infarction in Japan: Registry-Based study of prognosis and time reduction

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study is to compare the prognosis and time reduction between helicopter emergency medical service with physician (HEMS) and ground emergency medical services (GEMS) in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) cases. Methods: This is a registry-based study of Japan Helicopter Emergency Medical Service registry from April 1, 2015, to March 31, 2018. Results: A total of 605 cases of AMI were registered in the HEMS group, while 794 cases in the GEMS group. In the cases of non-cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA), the prognosis between HEMS and GEMS did not differ significantly. Regarding the road distance, for ranges of 20-40km and >40 km, the times from the call to the angiography room were significantly shorter in the HEMS than in the GEMS (median 91 vs. 97 minutes, p=0.036, 101 vs. 132 minutes, p=0.002, respectively). In cases of CPA, HEMS had a higher rate of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) than GEMS (55.3% vs. 36.8%, p=0.038), but HEMS had a lower prognosis than GEMS (22.9% vs. 38.9%, p=0.036). Conclusion: The present study suggested that HEMS had an advantage in reducing the time to angiography in AMI cases of non-CPA. In cases of CPA, HEMS increased ROSC without improving the prognosis.

Biography

Artical Title: Proven mental health strategies for return to work

Abstract

As mental health concerns continue to rise, contributing to approximately 30% of short and long-term disability claims, employers are recognizing the importance of support in the mental health space. This also ties into the emerging research and importance of human and organizational sustainability. In this informative seminar, Dr. Liz Scott will discuss the interaction of healthcare and organizations by providing support to the workforce, the importance of objective medical evidence, the right diagnosis, innovative treatment modalities, and the right treatment for effective return to work planning. Learning Outcomes: 1. Clearly identify mental health disability management practices 2. Understanding of evidence-based strategies 3. Take home toolbox Main Topics: 1. What is mental health disability management? 2. What does the evidence say? 3. What keeps you up at night (interactive)? 4. Strategies for complex claims 5. Mental Health claim toolbox.

Biography

Dr. Liz Scott is an accomplished leader and Disability Management Professional recognized for award winning cost reduction results, “best practice” program designs, and ability to solve a complex variety of internal and external workers’ compensation, and disability concerns. Liz enthusiastically runs a vibrant growing disability management company that has an established reputation for effectively introducing change and cost effective programs, by demonstrating to employees and management the benefits of improved performance.

Artical Title: Digital application was superior to physicaltherapy for orthopedic knee injuries assessed by PROMIS measures

Abstract

Physical therapy is often the initial treatment for conservative care of musculoskeletal disorders in the United States. Efficacy of a physical therapy exercise program delivered via a digital application (Limber Health app) compared to standard physical therapy has not been thoroughly assessed. We hypothesize that Digital Home-Exercise Therapy Application (DETA) will be superior to the standard of care (Physical Therapy (PT)) after 8 weeks with respect to improvement in PROMIS® pain and function Computerized Assessment Test (CAT) measures. We use a multi-center, prospective; single-blind randomized clinical trial comparing PT (standard of care) to DETA. A total of 60 patients prescribed PT were randomly assigned in a 1:1 parallel block randomization compared to PT prescription. The PT groups were assigned to therapy twice a week for 8 weeks. The DETA group was assigned to 15-25 minute videos 3 times a week for 8 weeks that were tailored based on the patient’s disability and health status. The DETA’s algorithm adjusted the intensity of program progression based on changes in PROMIS® scores. The primary outcome was PROMIS® pain and function CAT. Thirty patients completed the 8 week intervention (17 control, 13 treatment) at the time of submission. Independent t-tests revealed absolute changes in PROMIS Physical Function were significantly greater in the DETA group compared with control, indicating a greater improvement in function; a large effect size was noted (p<.05, Hedge’s g = 0.77). Reductions in Pain Interference were not significant between the groups, but a medium-to-large effect size was noted in favor of the Limber app (p>.05, Hedge’s g = .60). Changes in Physical Function and Pain Interference surpassed MCID in the Limber group, but not in the control group. An 8-week DETA program was superior to the standard of care of PT; a digital therapeutic exercise application could have similar outcomes with respect to pain and function compared to traditional PT. This study describes an innovative approach to risk stratify patients to appropriate exercise based on their disability.

Biography

Dr. Marc Gruner is a sports medicine physician who is passionate about improving care for people with musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries. He is the Co-founder and Chief Medical Officer of Limber, a digital health solution for employers and health plans to reduce costs and improve care for MSK injuries. Dr. Gruner also works as a Research Collaborator at the Mayo Clinic. Prior to his work at Limber and the Mayo Clinic, he was a Resident Physician of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation at MedStar Georgetown University Hospital, where he served on MedStar's Leadership Council working with hospital CEOs and CMOs on value-based care and setting direction for clinical care delivery throughout the MedStar System. His passion lies with value-based health care, machine learning and predictive analytics, outcome measure design, diagnostic and interventional ultrasound, and regenerative medicine.

Artical Title: Dehumanisation

Abstract

Artificial intelligence and the world of cyber are inextricably bound. When logging on one can be susceptible to any number of manipulations by actors in cyberspace. Some have attempted to put in a myriad of controls that seek to provide safety but instead provide restriction and push negative forces into hiding. The methods in which manipulation is present in cyberspace are not widely well understood and so this paper explores how techniques such as anthropomorphism and humanlike technology can affect, and manipulate, people and their belief systems. As we have observed over the last few years, this can end in legal proceedings, or damage to society. Recently more serious effects of AI have been observed. Dehumanisation is the human reaction to overused anthropomorphism and lack of social contact caused by excessive interaction with, or addiction to, technology. This can cause humans to devalue technology and to devalue other humans. This is a contradiction of the use of ‘social robots’ and ‘chatbots’, indicating that the negative effects of this technology would outweigh any perceived positive effects. In cyberspace, anthropomorphism and similar techniques based on deep philosophical principles can be, and are, used to alter the behaviour of humans. To the authors knowledge the concepts within this paper have not been pulled together in this way to discuss the impact on cybersecurity. As these types of techniques are becoming more widespread in the cyberspace area, it is clear that we are entering unchartered territory that holds a vast array of consequences for society.

Biography

Artical Title: Eco-friendly alternative malaria control strategies: Insecticidal activity of Aeollanthus pubescens leaf essential oil against Anopheles gambiae

Abstract

Background: The excessive use of synthetic insecticides is responsible for many cases of resistance in insects. Therefore, the use of natural molecules of ecological interest with insecticidal properties turns out to be an alternative approach to the use of synthetic insecticides. This study aims at investigating the larvicidal, adulticidal activity and the chemical composition of the essential oil of Aeollanthus pubescens on the major malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. Methods: Three reference strains of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (Kisumu, Kiskdr and Acerkis) were used in this study. The leaves of A. pubescens were collected in southern Benin. The standard WHO guidelines for larvicide evaluation were used and the chemical composition of the essential oil was analysed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Adult mosquitoes were exposed to the net pieces coated with the essential oil for 3 min using the WHO cone bioassay method. Probit regression analysis was used to determine lethal concentrations (LC50) and time to knockdown (KDT50). The Log-rank test was performed to evaluate the difference in survival between the strains. Results: 14 components were identified representing 98.3% of the total of oil content. The major components were carvacrol (51.1%), thymyle acetate (14.0%) and ɣ-terpinene (10.6%). The essential oil has shown larvicidal properties with LC50 of 29.6, 22.9, and 28.4 ppm respectively on Kisumu, Acerkis and Kiskdr strains. With the net pieces treated at 165 µg/cm2, the KDT50 of both Acerkis (1.71 s, Z =3.34, p < 0.001) and Kiskdr (2.67 s, Z =3.49, p < 0.001) individuals were significantly lower than that of Kisumu (3.8 s). The lifespan of the three mosquito strains decreased respectively to 1 day for Kisumu (χ2 = 99, df = 1, p < 0.001), 2 days for Acerkis (χ2 = 117, df = 1, p < 0.001) and 3 days for Kiskdr (χ2 = 96.9, df = 1, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our findings show that the A. pubescens essential oil has a larvicide and adulticide properties against the malaria vector An. gambiae s.s. This bio-insecticidal activity may be a promising discovery for the control of the resistant malaria-transmitting vectors.

Biography

I am a young Beninese scientist, waiting for my thesis defense at the University of Abomey-Calavi, Benin (West Africa). I started research work since my third year at University, where I have completed a Bachelor in Biomedical analysis. Indeed, at this year of my study, I evaluated the relative prevalence of diabetes mellitus at Allada, district in south of Benin. For my graduation, I worked on DNA methylation polymorphism of the Karma transposable element in clonal oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.). I used bisulfite sequencing in order to assess Karma DNA methylation in embryogenic suspension lines that had been generated through the re-cloning of clonal oil palm and in the corresponding regenerant plantlets. Currently, my research project aims study the malaria vectors biology and to characterize new molecular targets in Anopheles mosquitoes to develop new alternative mosquito control strategies for malaria.

Artical Title: Re-embodied by the rhythm: A Jungian woman’s experience of birth trauma and its transformation through a spiritual dance practice

Abstract

C. G. Jung, and those who followed in his footsteps to shape Depth Psychology, gave us the words to understand the complexes that develop after someone has experienced trauma. In particular when a woman experiences birth trauma, she can become gripped by the victim complex, feeling trapped by the feeling-toned archetypal core that affects how she interacts with the world. But what is the remedy to heal this? In the mire of my own turmoil, after the terrifying medicalized birth of my son, a chance encounter with a spiritual dance practice on the cliffs of the California coast was the only thing that helped. Curious to determine what was happening within me, I discovered that the ancient practice of dance actually engages the Transcendent Function. Miller (The transcendent function: Jung’s model of psychological growth through dialogue with the unconscious, State University of New York Press, Albany, 2004) offers a beautiful description of this Jungian concept, “The transcendent function is the tissue between consciousness and the unconscious; it is the expression of the space or field that mediates between the two” (p. 126). This connective tissue had been broken during my traumatic experience and it was only when my consciousness could once again successfully communicate with my unconscious that I began to become restored. Thus, my research examines how a complex can develop as a result of trauma, the way in which dance activates the transcendent function, and how these two things worked together to help me align with the complex to work towards individuation after tribulations.

Biography

Artical Title: Hume’s quilliotine in developing AI ethics

Abstract

In future intelligent digital society, the way people are organized around intelligent machines shall change. Intelligent machines can follow ethical rules in their behavior. One approach to investigating intelligent systems and their social influence is based on the analysis of human information processing. Intelligence is information processing. However, factual and ethical information are different. Facts concern true vs. false, while ethics is about what should be done. David Hume recognized a fundamental problem, which is that can facts be used to derive values. His answer was negative. This is a critical concern in developing intelligent ethical technologies. Thought Hume’s problem is not crucial when values can be assigned to technologies by people, in case of sc. weak ethical artificial intelligence (AI). However, Hume’s problem is hard when we speak of strong ethical AI, in which machine’s should generate values from facts. In ethical discourses, this problem is called Hume’s quilliotine and it apparently makes strong ethical AI impossible. Nevertheless, one can argue that Hume’s quilliotine is grounded on a mistaken juxtaposition of emotions and cognition. In the human mind, the encoding of all the experiences is based on the cooperation of emotions and cognitions. Therefore, Hume’s guillotine is not a real obstacle, but it is possible to use stronger forms of ethical AI to develop new ethics for intelligent society. The analysis of human ethical information processes provides clarity to the possibility of strong ethical AI. Human ethical information processing begins with positive of negative emotions associated to situations. Situations can be seen as consequences of actions and for this reason people can define rules about acceptability of typical actions. Finally, socio-ethical discourses create general ethical rules. Intelligent systems can provide important support in ethical process and thus the difference between weak and strong ethical AI is polar. These ethical information processes can be modelled by AI systems, and thus it is possible to develop AI systems which can generate ethical rules.

Biography

Artical Title: Uncertain climate change, increasing risk, and mutual insuranceUncertain climate change, increasing risk, and mutual insurance

Abstract

Besides the Covid Crisis , two further challenges are confronting us: the demographic development and climate change. While the demographic development is – as seen by most demographers – a well-known process with only small risk, the climate change is – as seen by most scientists – governed by huge and increasing risk. This involves not only the questions of discounting the distant future and with which interest rate, but also the (unknown) techniques of abatement of environmental damages. Or – as Martin Weitzman (2009) has pointed out – what is the “appropriate way to represent the the damages from global warming” (ibid, p. 1)? Furthermore, should the damages done to the environment be treated multiplicatively (and are thus substitutable with other goods, meaning e. g. that climate changes “drive up only the prices of food or increase the demand for air conditioning” (ibid)? Or should the damages be treated additively in the (social) utility function where the “impact of climate change is on things that are not readily substitutable with material wealth, such as biodiversity and health”? In the end this leads to Probability Density Functions (PDF) with very fat tails such “that its variance is effectively infinite” (ibid, p. 8). To control these processes, sophisticated insurance (or risk management) products are called for. And here, mutual insurance comes in, especially when the risks are large, probabilities unknown, and events correlated! In the following the advantages of mutual insurance are shown with respect to these “cascades of uncertainties” (Weitzman, 2009).

Biography

Artical Title: The relationship between academic anxiety, self-regulating learning ability, and self-esteem among the Chinese candidates for the college entrance examination during covid-19 outbreak

Abstract

This study explored the relationship between academic anxiety and self-esteem in Chinese candidates preparing for the college entrance examination during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explored the mediating effect mechanism of self-regulating learning ability. The data were collected for 293 candidates using a general information questionnaire and scales such as the Academic Anxiety Scale, Self-regulated Learning Ability Scale, and Self-esteem Scale during COVID-19 prevalence in 2020. This study found that: 1) students of the high and the low academic anxiety groups had different levels of self-regulated learning ability and self-esteem; 2) the academic anxiety, self-regulated learning ability, and the self-esteem levels of the students were significantly correlated; 3) after controlling the two independent variables of gender and subject type, academic anxiety had a significant negative predictive effect on self-esteem, and self-regulated learning ability played a mediating role between academic anxiety and self-esteem, where the mediating effect accounted for 18.6%.

Biography

Artical Title: Together let us confront it: An outbreak investigation of Hepatitis B in pathanamthitta district, Kerala

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatitis B is a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV). The established routes of transmission are from mother to infant, sexual contact, and exposure to blood or body fluids. Though HBV is preventable by vaccine and robust infection control practices, outbreaks of HBV infection do occur in India. However, the state of Kerala with its health parameters, one among the best in the country, cannot afford to have continuing outbreaks. An unusual increase in the reported cases of Hepatitis B in a rural area of Pathanamthitta district of Kerala called for an outbreak investigation. Aims: To describe the epidemiological features, to determine the risk factors associated with HBV transmission, and to suggest measures to prevent future transmission. Methods: A community-based case-control study (1:2) was undertaken. A total of 162 participants (54 cases and 108 age, gender, and neighborhood matched controls) took part in the study. Focus group discussions were conducted with subject experts to develop an interview schedule assessing 40 risk factors. It was further reviewed by the University of Sydney. Data was collected by trained Junior Health Inspectors and Junior Public Health Nurses of the Primary Health Centers. Data were analyzed using SPSS v. 20. Proportions were compared by Univariate analysis, subgroup analysis, and logistic regression. Population Attributable Risk (PAR) was also calculated. Results and Conclusion: More than 90% of the infections were IgM anti-HBc positive, suggesting recent infection. Interventions during hospitalization [OR: 7.98 (95% CI – 2.17--29.4)], family history of Hepatitis B [OR. 4.14 (95%CI – 1.73--9.9)], and laboratory investigations [OR: 3.99 (1.72--9.31)] were found to be significant risk factors. PAR was highest for laboratory interventions (32%). Vaccinating household contacts and strict enforcement of infection control practices could substantially reduce the burden of this fatal disease.

Biography

I work in the Public Health Department of our hospital and am actively engaged in research activities of our institution. I also collaborate with the District Health Administration for health-related projects. Currently, I am appointed as the Chief Vaccination Officer (Covid-19) and also a member of the Covid Command Centre of the Institution and the District. Now my focus is on Infectious Diseases and Non-Communicable Disease Surveillance in the Rural Health Training Centre of the Institution. Participated as WHO - external monitor for-Intensified Pulse Polio Immunisation, Mission Indradhanush, Measles-Rubella (MR) Campaign. I have also been resource person for Research Workshops and have guided many student research projects. I was the University Topper for the MD University Examination and also Topper in Basic Course in Biomedical Research, conducted by NPTEL (National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning).

Artical Title: Corruption risk management at the tendering and signing of the contract stage in the Iraqi construction sector

Abstract

Risk management has evolved into a critical component of all management missions. Given that the construction industry is regarded as one of the riskiest, corruption risk is a significant concern in the construction industry. One of the country's most critical problems is corruption, and it has become increasingly problematic as it has spread to the construction sector. Based on the ISO 31000 risk management standard and the ISO 31000 Bow-Tie risk management assessment from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The feature provides a recognized and credible approach for analyzing the corruption risk of policy failure, by elaborating: (a) the "corruption risk", assessing the probability and impact based on qualitative analysis; (b) the effectiveness of the system of management measures in avoiding and reducing risk; and, (c) the existence of the interaction aspect of management measures rapidly increasing factors, including laws and legislation change. This paper aims to manage the corruption risk at the tendering and signing of the contract stage that affects the performance of the project. It offers a policy analysis by the Bowtie tool with the potential to address risks associated with future corruption to achieve better project execution and will reduce deviations and claims that will occur during implementation in the Iraqi construction sector. The resultant model assists stakeholders in gaining a better understanding of corruption risks, their origins, and their consequences.

Biography

Artical Title: A Vaccine can prevent subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Abstract

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis(SSPE) is a rare, slow, and insidious neurodegenerative disease caused by measle. This disease mostly has a classic course. However, sometimes it can be presented with atypical manifestations and fulminant course. Aim: To report different courses of SSPE, when a patient comes with neurological manifestations, SSPE should always be one of the differential diagnoses. Methods: The files of 4 patients who were followed up with the diagnosis of SSPE in Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine Pediatric Neurology Service between 2015 and 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, and patients with a follow-up period of at least one year were included in the study. Case Summary: In this paper, we aim to present four male cases mean age of 6 ±1,7 that were hospitalized due to seizures and ataxia. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showed hyperintense lesions in the thalamic, brainstem, and periventricular area. Periodic epileptiform discharges were detected in the repeated electroencephalogram. Investigations from the cerebrospinal fluid showed markedly elevated anti-measles virus IgG, which was consistent with the diagnosis of SSPE, which should always be ruled out when a patient comes in with uncontrollable seizures ataxia, and apathy. Conclusion.SSPE is a preventable disease; effective and timely vaccination is vital to induce adequate protective immunity in preventing fatal SSPE.

Biography

I am Pediatric Neurologist De Serap Bilge, MD, (48 years old) currently working in Çukurova University Medical school, and interested in some topics, SSPE, Facial Nerve Palsy, status epilepticus, SUDEP, and the methods to prevent these events, I have some publıcation regarding obesity in children and adolescents, and some book chapters regarding Wernicke encephalopathy and how to prevent it, Neurotoxicity and headache to prevent and treat.

Artical Title: Determinants of maternal satisfaction with Existing Delivery Care at Wolaita Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background: Assessing maternal satisfaction on delivery service has significant public health importance to measure the quality of maternal and child care services in a country. Therefore, the objective of this study was to further investigate the determinants of maternal satisfaction on delivery service provided at the Woliata Sodo University Teaching and Referral Hospital, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutionally based crosssectional study was employed at the Wolaita Sodo University Hospital, Ethiopia. All mothers who gave birth between March and May 2018 were included in the study. Data were collected through using a pretested and structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.

Biography

Artical Title: Concurrent reciprocal IVF and risk of pre-eclampsia

Abstract

Reciprocal IVF is an established method for lesbian couples to have a child to whom they both have a biological connection. It involves one partner being the genetic parent by providing the oocytes which following fertilization are then implanted in the other partner’s womb who then acts as the gestational parent. Pregnancy from donated oocytes is a significant risk factor for pre-clampsia. We report a case where both partners in a lesbian couple underwent concurrent reciprocal IVF and a PLGF test diagnosed a high risk of pre-eclampsia in one partner. Partner A aged 39 conceived first. She was at high risk of pre-eclampsia according to NICE guidance so she was prescribed low dose aspirin in early pregnancy. Her blood pressure was normal throughout her pregnancy and she did not develop pre-eclampsia. She delivered via emergency c-section after admission with PPROM at 35 weeks. Partner B aged 38 conceived 15weeks later. She was not deemed high risk for pre-eclampsia according to NICE guidance. At 28+6 weeks she was diagnosed with gestational hypertension without proteinuria. A PLGF test was performed which was <12 mg/ml. At 33+5 weeks she was admitted with a blood pressure of 152/98, significant proteinuria, and diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. She delivered at 34 weeks via emergency c-section due to worsening hypertension and raised pulsatility index in the foetal umbilical artery doppler. Our experience, highlighted by this case report, suggests that patients considering Reciprocal IVF are properly counselled about the significantly increased pre-eclampsia risk and the possible maternal and foetal complications. If Reciprocal IVF or donor oocytes are the chosen assisted reproductive technique, we recommend consideration of low-dose aspirin in early pregnancy. PLGF levels may also allow prompt detection of risk and appropriate antenatal scheduling. We suggest that ‘pregnancy from donated oocytes’ becomes a documented risk factor for pre-eclampsia under NICE guidelines.

Biography

Artical Title: A descriptive analysis of sentencing decisions by the Canadian criminal justice system of people with intellectual disabilities convicted with sexual offenses

Abstract

This study reviews sentencing decisions of people diagnosed with intellectual disabilities who have been convicted of sexual offences by judges in Canada. Given the prevalence of people with intellectual disabilities managed within the criminal justice system (CJS), courts have increasingly been faced with issues concerning appropriate sentencing. In addition, many people with intellectual disabilities have complex social and medical backgrounds that require multidisciplinary perspectives to account for each person’s legal and moral culpability, which in turn influences sentencing decisions, including placement in prisons versus rehabilitation programs. The legal databases Canlii and LexisNexis Quicklaw were used to search full text judgements from Canadian courts for adults (over the age of 18) diagnosed with an intellectual disability and charged with a sexual offence. In total, 61 cases were included within the full-text review. These cases were analysed based on the accused’s demographics, past social history, past medical history, current diagnoses, past criminal record, current charges, mitigating/aggravating factors, use of a Gladue report, sentence, and other pertinent information that contributed to the final judgement. Recommendations on how to increase the effectiveness of the CJS in trying and sentencing people with intellectual disabilities are made based on the findings of this study.

Biography

I am a first year Psychiatry resident at the University of Toronto. I completed my medical training in University of Ottawa (Canada) and became very interested in learning more about research, its methodological approaches, creative work, & systematic investigative tools. Recently, I became the 2021 recipient of the North American Primary Care Research Group for the University of Ottawa Primary Care Research Award and the Anne Amburg Award from Ottawa’s School of Epidemiology and Public Health. As I continue my journey as a new physician in Toronto, I am excited to continue learning how to generate new concepts from the analysis of previous research.

Artical Title: Effects of point of care serial NT-proBNP measurement in patients with acute decompensated heart failure as a therapy-monitoring during hospitalization (POC-HF): Study protocol and preliminary results of a prospective, unblinded, randomized, controlled pilot trial

Abstract

Despite important advances in diagnosis and medical therapy of heart failure (HF), disease monitoring and therapy guidance remains based on clinical signs and symptoms. NT- proBNP was demonstrated to be a strong and independent predictor of morbidity and mortality in patients with HF. Only few and conflicting data are available on the efficacy of serial measurement of NT-proBNP as a tool for treatment monitoring in HF. While these are limited to the outpatient setting, no data are available on the effects in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated HF (ADHF). The goal of POC-HF was to explore whether the availability of serial NT-proBNP measurements influences treatment decisions in patients with ADHF, and whether this leads to more rapid dose adjustments of prognostically beneficial medical therapies and earlier hospital discharge. In the intervention group, serial NT-proBNP measurements every second business day were performed and made available to the treating physician, while no measurements were available in the control group. Though participating physicians were told to follow the European Society of Cardiology guidelines for the diagnosis and therapy of acute and chronic HF, individual HF therapy decisions were left at the discretion of the treating physician. Primary endpoints were defined as the effects of monitoring NT-proBNP on medical HF therapy, including type and dosing of medical therapies, rapidity of adjustments, length of hospital stay, and changes in NT-proBNP values. Secondary endpoints included the incidence of electrolyte imbalances, renal failure, changes in NYHA functional class, vital signs, body weight, quality of life, incidence of adverse events, transfer to Intensive Care Units, and mortality. Preliminary results from 26 patients are available demonstrating a trend towards more rapid and pronounced reduction of NT-proBNP values, better recovery rates from signs and symptoms of acute decompensated HF, and a faster up-titration of prognostically relevant HF therapies.

Biography

Thomas Dieterle trained in Internal Medicine and Cardiology at academic hospitals in Germany, Switzerland, and the USA. He is a Professor of Cardiology and Research GroupLeader at the University of Basel, and Medical Director of the Foeldiklinik Hinterzarten,European Center for Lymphology. His main research interests include the diagnosis, riskstratification, and therapy of arterial hypertension, heart failure, and lymphologic diseases. Heis also interested and active in big data and biomarker research as well as the developmentof novel diagnostic strategies combining information from medical history, clinical exam, andbiomarkers. Thomas Dieterle has (co-) authored more than 220 scientific and educational publications.

Artical Title: Artificial intelligence in digital health

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence processess by machines. Natural Intelligence (NI) displayed by humans and animals, which involve consciousness and emotionality. Three process in the AI required (1) Learning processes. Focuses on acquiring data and creating rules for how to turn the data into information. The rules, which are called algorithms, provide computing devices with step-by-step instructions for how to complete a specific task. (2) Reasoning processes. Focuses on choosing the right algorithm to reach a desired outcome. (3) Self-correction processes. Focus on designing to continually fine-tune algorithms and ensure they provide the most accurate results possible. AI has widely used in the medical domain. Digital health is defined as the “use of information and communications technologies to improve human health, healthcare services, and wellness for individuals and across populations.” Recently technology medical doctor required on real-time results in prediction and decision making for example in early warning or preparedness. AI is widely used in prediction and decision making. When using AI, the reliability and accuracy in prediction and decision making required the medical doctor verification. One of the AI was used as personal movement in the rehabilitation. In the exercise games, usually the physiotherapy will perform the manually setting that suitable by the patients. But when using AI, it can be done automatically and help physiotherapy. It helps the patient’s improvement tremendously. Most of the hospital nowadays using Hospital Information System, for example, x-ray or diagnosis kept in the database. It is easier for the medical doctor to extract the data from everywhere.

Biography

WAIDAH ISMAIL is a Associate Professor in Faculty Science and Technology in Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM). She obtained her a PhD in Information System and Computer from Brunel University, UK. Her first education in Diploma in Computer Science and Master of Information Technology from Universiti Teknologi Mara, Malaysia, 1994 and 2005. And her Bsc(Hons) Computer Science in University of Liverpool, UK. The areas that she interested in Artificial Intelligence – Classification, Heuristic Search and Image Processing. Her interested related to data analytical, machine learning, optimisation and IOT. She received a few fundings from Malaysia Government, Newton Fund – Ungku Omar and USIM. Most of her paper published in WOS and Scopus indexes. She has 10 years’ experience as Industry. She has experience perform research with industry in Newton Fund – Ungku Omar and Perkeso Rehabilitation. For more information, please email her at [email protected].

Artical Title: Activation of intestinal bitter taste receptors for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases

Abstract

Intestinal bitter taste receptors play important and complex roles in nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism, and regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis through the release of gastrointestinal hormones. Numerous bitter taste receptors in mammalian species have been identified over the past decades, and growing evidence support that dietary supplementation of bitter herbs may provide health benefits in glucose and lipid metabolic disorders. Bitter medicinal herbs were widely used in traditional herbal medicine for their properties to aid digestion and/or anti-inflammation, and recent studies have investigated the value of some medicinal plants and their bitter constituents for treating metabolic disorders. Despite the complexity of bitter taste receptors in the digestive system, emerging evidence highlights bitter agonists isolated from medicinal herbs activate bitter signal transduction and facilitate the enteroendocrine secretion of GLP-1 and other gut hormones. Given that the impaired incretin effects are associated with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, the nutritional and pharmacological studies of bitter melon, hops strobiles, and berberine-containing herbs were carried to evaluate the therapeutic potential in the prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome and obesity-associated diabetes. Based on current clinical and preclinical evidence, bitter melon can be applied as a dietary supplementation for patients with mild diabetes. Moreover, bitter compounds, such as hops derived KDT501 and berberine, can be used to improve both glycemic control and lipid profile through targeting bitter taste receptors (i.e. human TAS2R1 and TAS2R3 with specific agonists) with the modulation of the enteroendocrine hormone secretion and bile acid turnover. Therefore, such an approach may offer an alternative treatment for metabolic syndrome individuals or diabetic patients with dyslipidemia-related comorbidities beyond incretin-based therapy.

Biography

I am a scientist with the research background in biochemistry, molecular biology, chemical physiology and herbal science. I carried out my graduate studies by exploring the molecular mechanisms from cell proliferation to cell differentiation, particularly the biochemical/genetic regulation during adipogenesis in the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of National Taiwan University. After that, I moved to US and did my postdoctoral work at the Scripps Research Institute in San Diego to carry out frontier research in adipose tissue development for obesity-associated metabolic disorders. By visiting Bastyr University in Seattle, I extended my research interest to herbal medicine for the potential drug discovery against chronic inflammation. In recent years, I turned my career development from bench to bedside as an English medical writer and project manager in MedComms companies, I supported medical communications between foreign pharmaceutical companies and local physicians for the clinical utilizations of drugs in Taiwan.

Artical Title: Progression and regression of abdominal aortic aneurysms in mice

Abstract

Objective: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a significant medical problem with a high mortality rate. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanism for the progression and regression of AAA is unknown. Methods: Experimental model of AAA was first created by porcine pancreatic elastase incubation around the infrarenal aorta of C57BL/6 mice. Then, AAA progression and regression were evaluated based on the diameter and volume of AAA. The aortas were excised for hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), orcein staining, sirius red staining, immunofluorescence analysis and perls’ prussian blue staining at the indicated time point following. Finally, β-aminopropionitrile monofumarate (BAPN) was used to explore the underlying mechanism of the regression of AAA. Results: When we extended the observation period to 100 days, we not only observed an increase in the AAA diameter and volume in the early stage, but also a decrease in the late stage. Consistent with AAA diameter and volume, the aortic thickness showed the same tendency based on HE staining. The elastin and collagen content first degraded and then regenerated, which corresponds to the early deterioration and late regression of AAA. Then, endogenous up-regulation of lysyl oxidase (LOX) was detected, accompanying the regression of AAA, as detected by an immunofluorescent assay. BAPN and LOX inhibitor considerably inhibited the regression of AAA, paralleling the degradation of elastin lamella and collagen. Conclusion: Taken together, we tentatively conclude that endogenous re-generation of LOX played an influential role in the regression of AAA. Therefore, regulatory factors on the generation of LOX exhibit promising therapeutic potential against AAA.

Biography

Artical Title: Monoclonal antibody directed to the PilQ -PilA DSL region in Pseudomonas aeruginosa improves survival of infected mice with antibiotic combination

Abstract

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections are associated with considerable morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients because of multidrug resistance. Our objective in this study was to determine the protective effects of murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against a fusion protein containing PilQ and disulphide turn region of PilA (QA) from P. aeruginosa in a model of burn wound sepsis. Methods: After expression in E. coli BL21 strain, recombinant proteins were adsorbed to Ni-NTA, and confirmed by Western blotting The purified recombinant protein was used as an antigen to immunize mice. Immunized murine spleen cells were fused with myeloma cells and hybridoma cells were cultured in HAT medium. A number of antibody-producing hybridomas were cloned by limiting dilution method. Then, for mass production of MAbs, ascites fluid formation method was used in mice and purified by affinity chromatography. Final confirmation of MAbs purity was performed by SDS-PAGE method. Twitching motility inhibition assay was performed to evaluate the biological activity of the produced MAbs. After modeling the burn in mice, P. aeruginosa O1 infection was induced by injecting bacteria with a concentration of 3 times LD50 (3-5 × 102 cfu / ml) in the burned area and mortality was assessed in mice treated with MAbs compared with control groups for 7 days. Results: The 1H10-D6 and 2E1-E6 MAbs produced against the PilQ-PilA DSL region sequence completely inhibited the motility of the PAO1 strain. Also, the results showed that mice receiving 2E1-E6 provided significant protection against bacterial strains. Reliably, in comparison with other treatment groups, the combination of antibiotic and 2E1-E6 mAb essentially enhanced the survival of mice infected with PAO1. Conclusion: Consequently, the antibiotic and 2E1-E6 MAb combination gives a new effective strategy for the treatment of P. aeruginosa sepsis, particularly when large numbers of exceptionally virulent strains are present.

Biography

Abed Zahedi bialvaei, Ph.D., is an Assistant Professor in the Microbial Biotechnology Research Center at Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS). He obtained his Ph.D. in Medical Bacteriology from the IUMS in Tehran, Iran at 2021, where he works on novel treatment strategies against multidrug resistant bacteria and uses his expertise in antimicrobial stewardship to develop and test antimicrobial stewardship interventions in primary care. His research activities also focus on monoclonal antibodies as well as the nature and frequency of antibiotic resistance transfer in human microbiomes.

Artical Title: A study of prevalence, severity, and determinants of pain in patients with thalassemia from a developing country

Abstract

Background: As the life expectancy in thalassemia is improving, pain is being recognized as an emerging problem. There is a need for a prospective observational study of pain in these high-risk patients. Objectives: Assess the pain prevalence, severity, and impact of co-morbidities in thalassemia. Methods: All patients >10 years of age (n=165) attending Thalassemia Day Care Center of a tertiary care hospital were assessed for pain prevalence, severity, and its impact on various life activities using Brief Pain Inventory. Their medical records were reviewed for the presence of various comorbidities. All statistical calculations used SPSS 21 version statistical program for Microsoft windows. Results: The pain was reported by 62.4% of participants with 35.2% and 59.4% participants, reporting pain in the past 1 week and 4 weeks respectively. A significantly higher pain prevalence was reported in females (p=0.03), patients residing in urban areas and employed participants (p=0.03). The commonest sites of pain were the lower back and calves. General activity (p=0.02) and enjoyment of life (p= 0.02) were significantly affected due to pain in patients between 21 to 30 years of age. Female participants reported interference of pain with mood (p=0.03). A significant relation of pain prevalence was found with higher average serum ferritin (p = 0.015), moderate to severe liver iron concentration (p= 0.04), and lower levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels (p=0.03). Conclusion: Pain is an emerging cause of morbidity in thalassemia. The study found a significant association of pain with modifiable factors such as serum ferritin, LIC, 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels.

Biography

Artical Title: Fatal necrotizing fasciitis in illegal abortion and the negligence tort

Abstract

The availability of newer techniques has reduced the complications in medically terminated pregnancies; however, the deaths due to illegal abortions carried out by the clandestine abortion practitioners still poses a challenge, especially in rural areas. Mostly due to lake of awareness, social fear a pregnant woman fall prey to the quacks and readies herself for an illegal pregnancy termination. The common complications of the abortion like incomplete abortion, haemorrhage, sepsis, etc. are usually handled successfully by the gynaecologist; however, they often miss early detection of rare complications like necrotising fasciitis leading to death of the patient. We report a case of illegal abortion which developed sepsis and necrotising fasciitis of right lower limb due to intra-vaginal use of abortifacient herbs prescribed by a clandestine abortion practitioner. The case was succumbed to the complications of sepsis/necrotising fasciitis after a week of hospitalization. This led to negligence tort filed by her family members against the treating gynaecologist alleging that the delayed diagnosis and treatment for necrotising fasciitis led to the death of the woman. We have discussed here about the prudent medicolegal and medical steps on the part of the treating gynaecologist that could have prevented such sequel.

Biography

Artical Title: Antimicrobial resistance modulation of MDR E. coli by antibiotic coated ZnO nanoparticles

Abstract

We evaluated three types of total six preparations against multidrug resistant E. coli i) three antibiotic coated ZnO nanoparticles (gentamicin coated nanoparticle-GNp; chloramphenicol coated nanoparticles-CNp; and both gentamicin & chloramphenicol coated nanoparticle-GCNp), ii) ZnO nanoparticle alone-Np, and iii) two antibiotics used in single (Gentamicin-G; and Chloramphenicol-C). A total of n = 200 sub-clinically positive mastitic milk samples of bovine origin were processed for isolation of MDR E. coli using microbiological and clinical laboratory & standard institute’s protocols. ZnO Nps were prepared from zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn (CH3COO)2. 2H2O), polyethylene glycol (C2nH4n+2On+1), and urea (CH₄N₂O) by standard chemical protocol. Nps were characterized by XRD and STEM analyses while coating of antibiotics on Nps was confirmed by UV–Visible spectrophotometric analysis. Analysis of variance and student t-test were applied at 5% probability using SPSS version 22 statistical software for inferences on obtained data. There was significantly (p < 0.05) lowest minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and highest zone of inhibitions (ZOIs) in case of GCNp (10.42 ± 4.51 μg/ mL & 22.00 ± 1.00 mm) followed by GNp (20.79 ± 8.95 μg/mL & 20.00 ± 1.00 mm) and then CNp (25.96 ± 8.95 μg/mL & 12.33 ± 0.57 mm). Percentage increase in ZOI were expressed as 135.8, 78.43, and 312.76% by GCNp when compared with that of G, C, and Np, respectively. GNp and CNp coated preparations exhibited 114.36 and 275.73% increase in ZOI than to that of G and C, respectively. Similar trend was found in percentage reduction of MICs of preparations. Highest filamentation, indicator of bacterial damage, of E. coli was noted at MIC of GCNp followed by GNp and CNp. The study concluded antibiotic coated ZnO nanoparticles significant candidates modulating antibiotic resistance in MDR E. coli.

Biography

Dr. Amjad Islam Aqib is working as Assistant Professor and Head of Department of Medicine, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Bahawalpur. He is creative and enthusiastic with his career holding 5-year experience in veterinary medicine. He has 65 articles (impact factor 102.5), 20 book chapters, and 2 books (one as co-author and one as editor). His area of research work is antimbicrobial resistanc emodulation of veterinary & public health related pathogens through nanoparticles, phytomedicine, and novel drug combinations. In addition to this, development of vaccine against these infectious agents is also focus of his current research. His experience in designing and carrying out experiments, testing drugs, researching scientific literature, and writing technical reports makes him vibrant scientist. He also possesses excellent analytical and communications skills and a dedicated approach to working in a highly controlled working environment. He is currently looking for a challenging opportunity within the science sector in terms of collaboration. He holds sound grip over statistical analysis of research data and have served as resource person in several trainings. He has active and dynamic approach to work and getting things done.

Artical Title: Privacy preserving attribute-focused anonymization scheme for healthcare data publishing

Abstract

The advancements in industry 4.0 brought tremendous improvements in the healthcare sector such as better quality of treatment, enhanced communication, remote monitoring, reduced cost, and so on. Sharing healthcare data with healthcare providers is crucial in harnessing the benefits of the improvements. Healthcare big data generally contains sensitive information about individuals. Hence, sharing such data is challenging due to various security and privacy issues. According to the privacy regulations and ethical requirements, it is essential to preserve the privacy of the patients before sharing the data for medical research. In this paper, we propose an attribute-focused privacy preserving data publication scheme. The proposed scheme is two-fold, it comprises of a fixed-interval approach to protect numerical attributes and an improved l-diverse slicing approach to protect the categorical and sensitive attributes. The proposed scheme is effective in thwarting privacy attacks such as identity disclosure, attribute disclosure, and membership disclosure even when the adversary possesses concise background knowledge. In the fixed-interval approach, the original values of the healthcare data are replaced with an equivalent estimated value. The improved l-diverse slicing approach protects the data from various privacy risks. Therefore, the proposed scheme ensures both privacy and data utility of the published healthcare data. Extensive experiments with real datasets are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme. Experimental analyses show that the proposed scheme is efficient in preserving the privacy and data utility with less computational complexity.

Biography

J. Andrew Onesimu , is currently working as an Assistant Professor in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering (CSE) at Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences (Deemed Univerisity), Coimbatore, India. He received his Ph.D. in the year 2021 from Vellore Institute of Technology (Deemed Univeristy), Vellore, India. He received his Bachelor of Engineering (B.E.) in CSE with First Class in 2011 and received his Master of Engineering (M.E.) degree in CSE with First Class in 2013 from Anna University, Chennai, India. He is a member of International Association of Engineers (IAENG), Internet Society, EAI Innovating Research and Computer Science Teachers Association. He is an active researcher published scientific research articles in reputed journals and conferences. He also served as speaker in many prestigious conferences worldwide. He has organized and participated in many workshops and faculty development programs. He is having 8+ years of teaching experience at undergraduate (UG) and post graduate (PG) levels. He has also supervised number projects at different levels in University. His research interest include data privacy, healthcare data analysis, deep learning, machine learning, computer vision, and blockchain technologies.

Artical Title: Preventive healthcare uptake in private hospitals in Nigeria: A cross-sectional survey (Nisa premier hospital)

Abstract

Background: Understanding the features of preventive care uptake is critical for assessing the performance and viability of primary care in any healthcare system. There are gaps in previous studies that focused on primary healthcare features, challenges and way forward in Nigeria but were mainly public sector focused and do not characterize the features of preventive care. Since private healthcare sector remains the most accessed and utilized in Nigeria, this study sought to characterize the features of uptake of preventive care to better understand the current preventive healthcare landscape. Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study, using survey questionnaire were randomly administered to adult patients attending the Family Medicine Out-Patient Department (OPD) at Nisa Premier Hospital, Jabi Abuja. The study was conducted over a three-month period. (January to June 2017). Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 23 (IBM SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics in the form of frequency and percentage were used to report the results. Results: A total of 381 participants completed the survey. The results revealed that while an over overwhelming majority (>90%) of participants indicated knowledge of benefits of preventive care, and preferred interventions aimed at preventing a disease before they occur, 48% preferred interventions aimed at reducing disease or injury impact or interventions aimed at ameliorating the impact of ongoing disease or injury with long lasting effect (43%). Unfortunately, less than 40% of respondents would visit the hospital when their health condition is not serious. Important barriers to uptake of preventive care were revealed as cost (45%), distance to the healthcare provider (36%) and lack of health insurance (33%), whereas poor education (19%), social norms (13%) as well as cultural and religious beliefs (10%) towards accessing certain health services appeared to be lesser barriers. Conclusion: Although people are aware of the benefits of preventive care, its uptake will greatly be enhanced through improved health insurance coverage, refocusing primary healthcare functions on preventive rather than curative care and instituting policies that mandatorily prescribe uptake for the insured, both at the individual and the insurer’s level.

Biography

Artical Title: AI based drug discovery model for corona virus

Abstract

The growth of corona virus pandemic, popularly called as COVID-19, has imposed life threatening conditions all over the world. Many ardent researchers, medical professionals and pharmaceutical companies are trying their level best to provide means and solution in order to fight with the current COVID-19 situation, but are yet to achieve success. As we know corona viruses are a group of related RNA viruses that causes respiratory tract infections ranging from mild to lethal. The prominent features of the virus identified ranges from basic symptoms like cough, sneeze, sore throat and nasal choke to deadly respiratory blockage depending upon the physical conditions of the body shows its growth and affect. The research project aims at studying the various features of corona virus from the collected sample test cases and identify the features responsible for the multiplication of the corona viruses. It also aims to conduct an analysis of various other factors effecting it and subsequently identification of the treatable stage for a corona virus infected patients.

Biography

Artical Title: Levels and health risk assessment of mercury, cadmium, and lead in green mussel (Perna viridis) and oyster (Crassostrea iredalei) harvested around Manila Bay, Philippines

Abstract

The coastal provinces of Manila Bay contribute 38% of mussel and oyster’s production in the Philippines. However, concerns in the consumers’ health are rising due to the possible pollution in the bay waters that may contaminate the bivalves. Thus, the present study determined the level of Hg, Cd, and Pb in green mussel (Perna viridis), oyster (Crassostrea iredalei), seawater as well as the potential health risk. Bivalves and seawater had levels of metals below the regulatory limit established by the country (Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources; Department of Environment and Natural Resources) and the EU. The maximum estimated daily intake (EDI) of Hg (1.95 × 10-08 mg/kg/day) in mussel was from Seneguelasan (Cavite) during dry season (DS) while maximum EDI of Cd (8.48×10-08 mg/kg/day) in oyster was from Tibaguin (Bulacan) during wet season (WS) both in 5–9 years old (yo) male and female, respectively. For maximum EDI of Cd (2.70 × 10-08 mg/kg/day) and Pb (3.54 ×10-08 mg/kg/ day) in the mussel, it was found in 10–19 yo male from Wawa (Bataan) during DS and WS. Whereas, maximum EDI of Hg (1.19 × 10-08 mg/kg/day) and Pb (3.30 × 10-08 mg/kg/day) in oyster were found in 40–59 yo male from Timalang Balsahan during DS. However, none of the bivalves showed higher EDI and weekly intake than the reference dose (EPA 1991; EPA IRIS 1989 and 2001) and provisional tolerable weekly intake (FAO/WHO 2000; 2007; 2011). Furthermore, no health risks were associated with the consumption of mussel and oyster as hazard quotients were <1. The possible cancer risks were estimated in four to six individuals out of 1 × 1007. The study recommends to have further risk assessment on other fishery commodities available in the area to secure the consumer’s safety.

Biography

I am currently working as a Science Research Specialist in the Department of Agriculture – National Fisheries Research and Development Institute in the Philippines. My research focuses on the food safety aspect, and pollution status and impact of the aquaculture production areas surrounding Manila Bay. I have co-authored publications that focused on the risk assessment study of green mussels and oysters harvested from the Manila Bay area in the Philippines, status of water quality in fishponds in Manila Bay, and estimation of nutrient load from aquaculture farms in Manila Bay Philippines. I received my Bachelor’s degree in Fisheries from the University of the Philippines-Visayas.

Artical Title: Religious and cultural interpretations of artificial insemination in south-west Nigeria

Abstract

Background: In a constantly changing and increasingly globalized world, religion and cultural practices still play significant role in influencing consumer behaviour towards assisted reproductive technologies. Purpose: This study examined the religious, cultural and personal interpretations of artificial insemination. Scope of the study: The study was conducted in South-western Nigeria comprising 6 states namely; Ondo, Ekiti, Lagos, Ogun, Osun Oyo. Three states (Lagos, Ogun and Oyo) out of the six states were purposively selected based on their perceived level of urbanization and civilisation. Furthermore, two local governments were selected from each of the three states. A total of 72 respondents were randomly selected from across the different Christian and Muslim denominations in each of the selected local governments. Methods: The research methodology was triangulated using qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. Stratified and simple random sampling technique was used to select the study participants for quantitative data, while, Key Informant interviews (KIIs) was used elicit for qualitative data. Results: The findings showed that majority of the respondents were aware of artificial insemination, 75.3% of the respondents had adequate knowledge of artificial insemination. About 54.2% of the respondents agreed that their religious denominations supported any form of artificial insemination, For instance, in contrast to the 61.1% of Roman Catholic respondents’ who acknowledged that their religious denomination did not support artificial insemination, 75% of Shia Muslim, and 65.0% of Pentecostal respondents’ acknowledged religious support for artificial insemination. For 32.8% of the respondents the process of artificial insemination by donor negates the will of God, while 32.8% of the respondents, posited that artificial insemination is a deviation from cultural norms. The study also revealed that 57.0% of respondents personally perceived artificial insemination to be a very good medical breakthrough. Conclusions and Implications: Regardless of the technological or educational prowess leading to artificial insemination, certain religious denominations and cultural practices do not support artificial insemination. Medical ethics should take cognisance of the religious and cultural ideas and principles of the society in which they are practiced.

Biography

Artical Title: Occupational health morbidities and associated socio-demographic variables among street sweepers in a metropolitan city

Abstract

Background: Work related safety and health hazards are a major public health concern worldwide and are under-researched especially in low and middle income countries. Aims: To study the socio demographic profile of the street sweepers , to assess the morbidities prevalent among the street sweepers in a metropolitan city and to study the association between socio demographic variables and various morbidities. To analyze the knowledge, attitude and practice among the street sweepers and to suggest preventive measures to improve the health of street sweepers. Study Design : A cross sectional study Methods: The study was conducted for a period of two months amongst100 street sweepers in the age group of 18 to 60 years working under Municipal Corporation A questionnaire was formulated and validated by a pilot study before the start of the study. Moreover, thorough general, clinical and systemic examination was done to find out morbidities Exposure to any sort of occupational hazards if any was also noted. Results: The most common morbidities observed amongst street sweepers were skin problems (91%) followed by musculoskeletal disorders (88%) predominantly in males belonging to the age group of 40-50 years. Moreover musculoskeletal disorders were more common above 40 years (91% ) while skin problems were more common below 40 years of age (95.5%). The prevalence of anemia was found to be relatively higher in females with low socio economic background (6.7%). Additionally, illiteracy was a risk factor for respiratory symptoms (14.7%). This could be due to overcrowded dwellings, ill ventilated houses and poor sanitation. It was also observed that greater the duration of services, more is the risk of morbidities like musculoskeletal disorders (88.5%), respiratory disorders (11.5%), hypertension (6.4%) and cardiovascular disorders (1.3%).As far as knowledge, attitude and practice is concerned, majority of the study subjects had fairly good knowledge about hand washing (92%), importance of using protective devices (80%) and health hazards related to sweeping (45%). Perception of the street sweepers was excellent in respect to hand washing (92%), regular use of personal protective devices (71%) and motivating co-workers regarding safety measures (96%). Conclusion: Periodic health check up of workers should be done biannually and immediate corrective measures should be taken to protect the health of the employees at risk. Safety training and reorientation programs should also be conducted for the street sweepers periodically.

Biography

Artical Title: Ebola virus disease, diagnostics and therapeutics: Where is the consensus in over three decades of clinical research?

Abstract

Ebola virus is a neglected tropical disease widely accepted as one of the most fatal diseases of human and nonhuman primates ever encountered in recent years. For a long time, de- velopment of vaccines and anti-Ebola drugs has been slow. However, with recent devastat- ing outbreaks in West Africa and Democratic Republic of Congo, the development of rapid diagnostic methods, vaccines, and antiviral drugs are at different stages of clinical trials. Despite the progress made in fighting the Ebola virus epidemic, the approaches still face various obstacles. Such obstacles highlight the desire to search for effective diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Furthermore, Ebola virus is associated with adverse indirect ef- fects since resources are diverted from programs aimed at controlling important diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, and HIV infection. We hypothesize that a significant bur- den of Ebola viral disease if undetected may lead to missed opportunities for prevention and heighten the risk for large-scale outbreaks and pandemics. Further, Ebola is associated with high fatality rate and significant socio-economic impact. Therefore, the need for a rapid diagnostic technique to be used at the point of care, universal Polyvalent- Ebolavirus vaccine, and effective anti-Ebola drug cannot be overemphasized. Thus, this review focuses on the availability, suitability, and significance of current advances in diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutic options for the Ebola disease and the need to develop novel vaccines and antiviral therapies that are effective against all known Ebola virus species. This review concluded that, numerous countermeasures have been developed including vaccines (rVSV-ZEBOV and Ad26-ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo prime-boost vaccine), nucleoside and nucleotide analogues (BCX4430, favipiravir, and GS-5734), plasma transfusions (Ebola-Tx), immunotherapeutics (Zmapp and MIL77), nucleic acid based drugs, and repurposed drugs. However, there is need to speed development of vaccine and therapeutic agents with broad-spectrum activity against filoviruses like Marburg virus and Ebola viruses.

Biography

Artical Title: Psychological distress and health-seeking behaviour among patients with orofacial tumour: The Ghanaian perspective

Abstract

Introduction: One of the tumours that can lead to deformity among patients is orofacial tumour (OFT). OFT may result in severe physical and psychological pains that affect daily functions of patients. Aim: The study investigated the level of psychological distress and health-seeking behaviour (HSB) among patients with orofacial tumours (OFT) visiting the various referral hospitals in Ghana. Methodology: A cross sectional survey design was used for this study. A sample of 272 comprising 143 patients with OFT and 129 patients with general periodontal diseases who served as a comparison group aged between 18 and 83 years were purposively selected from three referral hospitals in Accra. Data was collected via self-administered structured questionnaires. Results: On Analysis of variance, the type of condition significantly predicted psychological distress among patients. The result also showed that the level of psychological distress among patients with OFT was significantly higher than that of the patients with periodontal diseases. Additionally, spirituality was found to be the most significant predictor of health-seeking behaviour (HSB). Delayed health-seeking was also indicative of the state of health of patients with OFT. Discussion: Spirituality emerged as one of the key determinants of health-seeking behaviour and also a major coping tool for the patients. Factors that influence health-seeking among patients including spirituality have to be effectively integrated into educating the public on the dangers of OFT and early health-seeking.

Biography

Artical Title: Family planning differentials among caste groups in Bihar, India

Abstract

The family welfare program in India has experienced significant changes in terms of policy but many goals remain under-achieved. The use of family planning is low in Bihar than the national average. The family planning use varies by socio-economic and demographic characteristics of women and differentials that exist among caste groups. Therefore, we aimed to examine the family planning differentials in the context of socio-economic and demographic characteristics among caste groups in Bihar. The data has been analyzed from the fourth National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4) conducted during 2015-2016 in India. The analysis of data has done by using bi-variate, and logistic regression analyses to observe the association between family planning use and socio-economic and demographic characteristics. The analysis reveals that family planning differentials exist among caste groups. The knowledge of any family planning method and any modern method is universal and it does not vary much among caste groups in Bihar.Current contraceptive use is higher among the women of other castes than among SC/ST and OBC women. Female sterilization is the most widely used method followed by IUD, condom, and pill among all the caste groups. Contraceptive use is high among the women who have three or more surviving children and this proportion is higher for the women who have two or more sons than the women who have two or more daughters invariably of methods and caste groups in Bihar.The logistic regression analysis on contraceptive use show that differentials exist between the caste groups and the rural areas are lagging behind urban areas. There is a positive relationship between education, wealth and family planning. The use of the family planning method significantly increases with the age of the women, marital duration, education and household wealth index.

Biography

Artical Title: Prenatal lead level and their association with neurodevelopment outcome in early infancy

Abstract

Background: In utero, exposure to toxic metal substances can cause severe neurodevelopmental deficits in the developing fetus and infants. Methods: We evaluated the association of umbilical cord blood lead concentration with early neurodevelopment performance (cognitive, language (receptive and expressive), motor (fine and gross), and social-emotion development). The Bayley Scale of Infants Developments-III (BSID-III) was used to perform neurodevelopment outcomes at an average age of 8 months. In this prospective study total of 167 mother-child pairs were enrolled from western Rajasthan, India. Cord blood lead concentration was measured in whole blood using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Multivariate regression was performed to understand the association of cord blood lead level with infant neurodevelopment outcome. Results: The obtained umbilical cord blood' lead concentration 5.0-10.5µg/dl was negatively associated with the sub-scale gross motor development score (β-coefficient with 95% CI; -0.29 (-5.0 – 0.11), p = 0.04). However, no associations were found with cognitive, language, gross motor, and social-emotional development scores. The umbilical cord blood lead concentration <5.0 µg/dl was also not associated with the BSID-III scores. Conclusion: The data suggest that umbilical cord blood lead concentration 0.5 to 10.5 µg/ dl has a negative association with early gross motor development during infancy.

Biography

Artical Title: Detect-S: An mHealth application to assist health professionals to identify suicide risk in hospitalized patients

Abstract

Introduction: Suicide is a serious public health problem that affects the whole world. This study describes development of the prototype for an mHealth application (app) intended to assist healthcare professionals to identify suicide risk in hospitalized patients and reports on testing of the app by some of these professionals, conducted to confirm its functionality. Method: This is applied exploratory research into use of Information Technology within the healthcare field, based on application prototyping for mobile devices. The research was conducted at the Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) from 2017 to 2019. Six healthcare professionals, one data scientist, and three undergraduate students in Biomedical Informatics took part in the study. All research participants signed the free and informed consent form. Results: The main findings show that the development team created a prototype named Detect-S, which became a cross-platform application (iOS and Android) offering 16 functions. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Detect-S has the potential to be a positive technological instrument that can be tested in a hospital setting to assist healthcare professionals to identify and manage patients with at risk of suicide.has the potential to be a positive technological instrument that can be tested in a hospital setting to assist healthcare professionals to identify and manage patients with at risk of suicide.

Biography

Artical Title: Binge eating after bariatric surgery in patients assisted by the reference service in a Brazilian hospital and the correlation with weight loss

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a complex multifactorial disorder that combines psychological, social, biological aspects and requires a multidisciplinary approach for proper understanding, diagnosis and treatment. Bariatric surgery, for some pacients, is the most effective tool for obesity treatment and control, however, some pacients doesn’t achieve the desired weight or regain part of the lost weight. Since some change in eating behaviour may negatively influence weight losses, recognizing this condition is essential in order to proceed with an early reintervention and guarantee to the pacient the expected outcome. Purpose: Identify, 18 months after bariatric surgery, the binge eating variation and its relation with weight regain or loss. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective study with 108 patients, assisted by an obesity walk-in clinic of a specialized hospital in São Paulo (Brazil), who had undergone bariatric surgery a minimum of 18 months previously. The anthropometric and clinic data were collected from medical records, and binge eating symptoms were evaluated with the application of the Binge Eating Scale (BES). Scale outcomes were related to weight regain and loss at the application moment. Results: The average age (standard error) of the sample was 47 years (±0.91) and 93% were female. Patients had lost 52.2% of their body weight and regained 4.7% of their weight 18 months after the surgery. The elapsed surgical time (> 50 months) was associated with a higher gross weight (p<0.0001). Conclusions: Bariatric surgery has been shown to be effective for improving diabetes mellitus as well as for controlling obesity. The variation in binge eating intensity 18 months after bariatric surgery is a factor that interferes in the amount of weight regained. The presence of binge eating symptoms negatively affects the % total weight loss (%TWL)

Biography

Artical Title: A personalized diet approach study: Interaction between PPAR-γ Pro12Ala and Dietary Insulin indices on metabolic markers in diabetic patients

Abstract

Background: The objectives were to investigate the effect of the interaction between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) Pro12Ala polymorphisms and dietary insulin load and insulin load (DIL and DII) on Cardio-metabolic Markers among diabetic patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 393 diabetic patients. Food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used for DIL and DII calculation. PPAR-γ Pro12Ala was genotyped by the PCR-RFLP method. Biochemical markers including TC, LDL, HDL, TG, SOD, CRP, TAC, PTX3, PGF2α. IL18, leptin and ghrelin were measured by standard protocol. Result: Risk-allele carriers (CG, GG) had higher obesity indices WC (P interaction =0.04), BMI (P interaction =0.006) and, WC (P interaction =0.04) compared with individuals with the CC genotype when they consumed a diet with higher DIL and DII respectively. Besides, carriers of the G allele who were in the highest tertile of DIL, had lower HDL (P interaction =0.04) and higher PGF2α (P interaction =0.03) and PTX3 (P interaction =0.03). Moreover, the highest tertile of the DII, showed an increase in IL18 (P interaction =0.01) and lower SOD (P interaction =0.03) for risk allele carriers compared to those with CC homozygotes. Conclusion: We revealed PPAR-γ Pro12Ala polymorphism was able to intensify the effect of DIL and DII on CVD risk factors; risk-allele carriers who consumed a diet with high DIL and DII score have more likely to be obese and have higher inflammatory markers. Also, protective factor against CVD risk factors were reduced significantly in this group compared to CC homozygotes.

Biography

Artical Title: Programmable cellular automata based random key generation for one-time pad encryption using unity attractors

Abstract

In the past, the medical record was a paper repository of information that was used for clinical, research, administrative, and financial purposes. It was severely limited in terms of accessibility, available to only one user at a time. The physician was in control of the care and documentation processes and authorized the release of information. Due to this, patients rarely viewed their medical records. Also, paper-based medical records were the lack of security. Nowadays, the electronic health record (EHR) can be viewed by many users simultaneously and utilizes a host of information technology tools. Patients routinely review their electronic medical records and are keeping personal health records (PHR), which contain clinical documentation, about their diagnoses from the physician or health care websites. According to researchers, it is “the right of individuals to keep information about them from being disclosed to others. Patient information should be released to others only with the patient’s permission. The key to preserving confidentiality is making sure that only authorized individuals have access to information. Many organizations and physician practices take a two-tier approach to authentication, adding a biometrics identifier scan, such as palm, finger, retina, or face recognition. Today, the Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging environment and has a wide impact in healthcare applications. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the devices, security becomes a critical issue. Hence, the authors published a programmable cellular automaton based one-time pad (OTP) authentication framework. With the openness of public healthcare cloud various attacks are possible over user sensitive data. A theoretical analysis has been carried out and a mathematical model is developed to prevent chosen plaintext and brute force attacks. The performance of OTP algorithm results show that it is efficient for protecting security risks in the context of IoT healthcare data.

Biography

Artical Title: The impact of religion and culture on medically assisted reproduction in the Middle East and Europe

Abstract

Infertility is a medico-socio-cultural problem associated with gender-based suffering. Infertility treatment, including assisted reproductive technology (ART), is a human right. Culture and religion were among the stumbling blocks to early acceptance of ART, particularly in the Middle East and to a lesser extent in Europe. This was mostly due to the different cultural and religious perspectives on the moral status of the embryo in the two regions and the concerns about what could be done with human embryos in the laboratory. There is an increased demand for ART in both the Middle East and Europe, although the reasons for this increased demand are not always the same. Although Europe leads the world in ART, there is an unmet need for ART in many countries in the Middle East. Where ART is not supported by governments or insurance companies, a large percentage of couples paying for ART themselves will stop before they succeed in having a baby. There are similarities and differences in ART practices in the two regions. If a healthcare provider has a conscientious objection to a certain ART modality, he/she is ethically obliged to refer the patient to where they could have it done, provided it is legal.

Biography

Artical Title: Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in metabolic disorders - A step towards translation of bioenergetic therapeutic strategies

Abstract

Mitochondria, powerhouse of the cell, malfunctioning causes serious consequences that might be responsible for a wide range of disease pathologies including cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and so on. Altered mitochondrial morphology, excessive generation of reactive oxygen species, and disturbances in oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in a decline in adenosine triphosphate production. Mitochondria are important for the metabolism of energy, regulation of apoptosis, and signalling of cells. In malignant cells, mitochondria differ structurally and functionally from those in normal cells and actively participate in metabolic reprogramming. overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which encourages the development of cancer by causing genomic instability, altering gene expression, and participating in signalling pathways. Mutations in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA induced by oxidative damage that impairs the oxidative phosphorylation mechanism can lead to further production of mitochondrial ROS, completing the “vicious cycle” between mitochondria, ROS, genomic instability, and cancer development. Impaired signalling pathways disturb the normal cell cycle, which then leads to the development of a plethora of pathological conditions including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In the last decade, tremendous progress has been made in understanding mitochondrial structure, function, and their physiology in metabolic syndromes such as diabetes, obesity, stroke and hypertension, and heart disease. Further, progress has also been made in developing therapeutic strategies, including lifestyle interventions (healthy diet and regular exercise), pharmacological strategies and mitochondria-targeted approaches. These strategies were mainly focused to reduce mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress and to maintain mitochondrial quality in metabolic syndromes.

Biography

Artical Title: Relationship between physical activity level and disease severity in patients with covid-19

Abstract

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, restrictive measures can reduce physical activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate pre-disease physical activity and current functional capacity in patients with and without the presence of pneumonia and oxygen requirement in Turkish survivors of COVID-19. Methods: Among the COVID-19 patients admitted to the hospital, 100 patients were selected. Data about pre-disease physical activity (by short-form International Physical Activity Questionnaire), oxygen requirement and presence of pneumonia, and current functional capacity (by the 6-min walking test) were collected. Continuous and categorical variables were compared with the Mann– Whitney U and χ2 test, respectively (P<.05). Results: The pre-disease physical activity levels and current functional capacity of patients with pneumonia and oxygen requirement were significantly lower than patients without pneumonia and oxygen requirement (P<.05). However, there was no significant difference between males and females (P>0.05). Pneumonia and oxygen requirement was more common in the older adults (P<.05). Also, a significant correlation was found between age with pre-disease physical activity (r=.530, P=.000) and current functional capacity (r=−.346, P=.000) and pre-disease physical activity level with current functional capacity (r=.523, P=.001). Conclusion: The physical activity level may be related to the severity of COVID-19 disease.

Biography

Artical Title: The association between diabetic complications and health-related quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes:Across-sectional study from Iran

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of type 2 diabetic patients and its relationship with the complications of diabetes in Farashband County, Fars, Iran. Methods: Data of this cross-sectional study were collected by a researcher-made demographic questionnaire, EuroQol-5 Dimensions questionnaire (EQ-5D) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and also from patient records. Multivariate regression model was used to investigate the net effect of diabetes complications on HRQoL after controlling for other independent variables. Results: A total of 685 patients with a mean age of 58.36 and a disease duration of 7.64 years participated in the study. The mean EQ-5D and EQ-VAS scores of all patients were 0.64 and 56.53, respectively. The HRQoL dimensions in which the largest portions of the population had problems were Pain/Discomfort (77.23%) and Anxiety/Depression (63.50%). Among the studied diabetic patients, women, divorcees, and widows were more likely to report problems in all dimensions of HRQoL, and people without complications, people with university degrees, and employed people were more likely to report fewer problems in these dimensions (P < 0.05). After controlling for the effect of all independent variables in the multivariate regression model, a significant negative relationship was found between diabetes complications and EQ-5D: β = − 0.149 (95% CI − 0.186, − 0.112) and EQ-VAS: β = − 6.697 (95% CI − 9.947, − 3.747). This indicates that for each additional diabetic complication, 0.149 and 6.697 units of EQ-5D Index and EQ-VAS were reduced, respectively. Conclusion: This study indicated that type 2 diabetic patients in the studied region, especially those with complications, suffer from poor HRQoL. Therefore, more attention should be paid to the main determinants of HRQoL when adopting policies for diabetes management in order to ultimately improve the HRQoL of these patients.

Biography

Artical Title: Spatiotemporal variability of exposure to secondhand smoke in Iran during 2009-2020: A systematic revie

Abstract

The present study aimed to provide a systematic review of studies on the prevalence of second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure in the Iran population as a serious indoor health hazard. A literature review of studies that considered SHS exposure, available in multiple electronic databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus published 2009-2020 in English and two Persian databases (SID and Magiran) was carried out following the PRISMA recommendations. A total of 55 studies were included based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the quality assessment. The results showed, no specific decrease in the prevalence of exposure to second-hand smoke in Iran; however, it appeared that the exposure has been increasing. Distribution of studies in terms of age group revealed that most studies (38%) investigated adults (more than 18 years old), while 34% of the studies considered less than 18 years of age group and a single article considered infants (6-24 months). Based on the present study results, a large population of Iran was exposed to SHS. Moreover, Based on Iran- STEPs 2016 (Stepwise Non-communicable Diseases Risk Factors Survey in Iran) study, the overall prevalence of SHS exposure at home (57.5%) was higher than in workplaces (49.2%). The results of the present study recommended that protection measures should be comprehensive in terms of exposure places and since the exposure prevalence in some provinces was higher than the others, it is especially important to consider the local measures and cultural aspects in SHS control programs.

Biography

Artical Title: Sustainable continuous development of Safety Improvement Plan (SIP)

Abstract

Objectives: Achieving Zero Harm utilize by many leading companies in their own strategy map. Safety Improvement Plan (SIP) Provides a mechanism to increase employee involvement in safety improvement activities; and, fosters employee communication by providing a common direction and commitment to achieving safety goals and improvement initiatives. To work towards zero harm, each year you will try to reduce the number of accidents happening and gain sustainable productivity. Scope: From 2008, Safety Improvement Plan (SIP) was being prepared according to the AraySasol Polymer Company (ASPC) strategy map and long-term objectives to achieve Zero harm. This plan implemented throughout to whole organization such as a board level, management level and employee as well as all service providers. Results: Safety Improvement Plan (SIP) not only Increasing the AryaSasol Reputation worldwide and sustainable productivity, but also improved the most KPI’s performance. For instance, ASPC sustained to RCR 0.09 (including employee & Contractors) as an excellent (World- Class) achievement end of the year 2020 (June 2008 it was 4.87). In addition, the Fire, Explosion, and Release (FER) rate was 2.9 in the year 2009 and by implementing Process Safety Management this rate improved to 1.2 by the year 2020. Methods: This safety improvement plan was adapted form SASOL, Dow chemical and Dupont companies that developed to get more benefits for Araya Sasol Polymer company. Safety Improvement Plan consist of 6 main elements such as; Safety Leadership, Process Safety Management, Safety Campaign, World Class Management System, Program and Process, Behavioral Safety. Conclusion: Safety Improvement Plan can play a critical role in the delivery and implementation of the United Nation’s (UN) 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to protect employees and provide safe and healthy workplaces and is linked directly to SDGs 3 and 8. Therefore, this plan lead to shareholder satisfaction to have sustainable profit thorough " Sustainable Safety Production".

Biography

Artical Title: Level of awareness, knowledge and involvement of Malaysian medical and dental practitioners in dysphagia management of head and neck cancer patients

Abstract

Head and neck cancer patients are at high risk of developing dysphagia from undergoing cancer treatment. It is essential for medical and dental practitioners to recognize speech-language pathologists' role and dysphagia symptoms to provide a timely referral to speech-language pathologists. This study aims to determine the level of awareness, knowledge, and involvement of medical and dental practitioners in dysphagia management. A total of 391 medical and dental practitioners from 22 government hospitals across Malaysia participated in this cross-sectional study. Participants completed the questionnaire specifically on the level of involvement, knowledge, awareness regarding the role of SLP and dysphagia symptoms. The results revealed a statistically significant relationship between the level of awareness of the role of SLP, χ²(4, 391) = 9.87, p = 0.043 and the level of involvement of medical and dental practitioners, χ²(8, 391) = 27.68, p = 0.001 and percentage of referring head and neck cancer patients. The odds of referring head and neck cancer patients for pre-treatment assessment increased 3 times for each 1 unit of the participation of medical and dental practitioners [OR] 3.65 (1.56, 8.51) p = 0.003 among those who are already highly involved in dysphagia management. These findings compel healthcare practitioners in head and neck cancer to revisit their collaborative practices. Head and neck cancer patients should receive swallowing management from speech-language pathologists to improve their swallowing function and avoid further complications such as dehydration, malnutrition, and death.

Biography

Artical Title: Mediating role of maladaptive cognition in relationship of family functioning and addiction among adolescent students

Abstract

This study examined the mediating role of maladaptive cognition in the relationship of family functioning and internet addiction among adolescent students in Nsukka Urban, Enugu state Nigeria. Four hundred and sixteen (416) adolescents (59.6%, male and40.4% female) who were adolescent students participated in the study. Three hypotheses were tested. Pearson r and HAYES PROCESS macro were used to examine the hypotheses. Results showed that family functioning positively predicted internet addiction as well as maladaptive cognition. Also, maladaptive cognition positively mediated the relationship between family functioning and internet addiction. This study indicated that poor family functioning is a risk factor to internet addiction and that the presence of maladaptive cognition increases the risk associated with it. These findings underscore the importance of examining not only the direct risk factors of internet addiction, but also those factors that when present, can worsen the addiction.

Biography

Artical Title: Do we need to go further to train healthcare providers in the targeted regions for malaria elimination in Myanmar? A mixed-methods study

Abstract

Background: The National Malaria Control Programme (NMCP) in Myanmar trained health staff at the township level starting in mid-2016 in order to achieve the Plasmodium falciparum malaria elimination target by 2020. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and perception of Basic Health Staff (BHS) and Vector-borne Diseases Control (VBDC) teams exposed to a short training course on malaria elimination in six survey townships which included two conflict-affected townships between 2016 and 2017. Methods: This was a cross-sectional mixed-methods study using quantitative and qualitative data extracted from one survey database conducted between October 2018 and March 2019. Modified Poisson regression analysis was performed to ascertain the determinants of low knowledge scores after the training programme. Results: Altogether, 544 trained frontline health workers involved in malaria elimination at the time of the survey were recruited and 56% (302/544) were stationed at sub-Rural Health Centers. More than half of the respondents had correct knowledge of malaria case categories although relapse and recrudescent cases (39% and 37% respectively) were less well known. Over two-thirds of respondents could mention those eligible for malaria testing. Less than 30% knew the foci classification. The overall knowledge scores ranged from 10 to 31. The significant predictors of low level of knowledge [the cut-off point was set at the median value of 21 (IQR 12–30)] in multivariate analysis were the younger age group (18–29years) and health staff who had attended malaria elimination training in 2017, [(APR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.2–2.2)]; and (APR = 1.5, 95%CI 1.2–1.8)]. Qualitative data from 10 key informants identified perceived challenges in conflict-affected areas as well as in areas of high population mobility with further implications for case surveillance. In addition, the low level of education of community members was noted as one of the barriers that hampered public readiness in the elimination scenario. Discussion and Conclusion: A significant impact on knowledge improvement after the training programme was not visible especially for correct notification of malaria cases and treatment according to National Malaria Elimination Guidelines. Regular monitoring and continuing guidance by the higher level management is critical to support the field staff.

Biography

Artical Title: Epitope based peptide vaccine design against fructose bisphosphate aldolase of candida glabrata: An immunoinformatics approach

Abstract

Background: Candida glabrata is a human opportunistic pathogen that can cause life-threatening systemic infections [1-2]. There are multiple effective vaccines against fungal infections, some of these vaccines were engaged in different stages of clinical trials, none of them yet approved by (FDA) [3]. Aim: Using Immunoinformatics approach to predict the most conserved and immunogenic B- and T-cell epitopes from the Fructose Bisphosphate aldolase (Fba1) protein of C. glabrata. Material and Method: 13 C. glabrata Fructose bisphosphate aldolase protein sequences (361 amino acids) retrieved from NCBI and presented in several tools on the IEDB server for prediction of the most promising epitopes. Homology modeling and molecular docking were performed. Result: The promising B-cell Epitopes were AYFKEH, VDKESLYTK, and HVDKESLYTK (Figure 1). While, promising peptides which have the high affinity to MHC I binding were: AVHEALAPI, KYFKRMAAM, QTSNGGAAY, RMAAMNQWL and YFKEHGEPL. Two peptides LFSSHMLDL and YIRSIAPAY were noted to have the highest affinity to MHC class II that interact with 9 alleles. The molecular Docking revealed the epitopes QTSNGGAAY and LFSSHMLDL have the lowest binding energy to MHC molecules. Conclusion: Epitope-based vaccines predicted by using Immunoinformatics tools have advantages over the conventional vaccines that they are more specific, less time consuming, safe, less allergic and more antigenic. Further in vivo and in vitro experiments are needed to prove the effectiveness of the best candidates' epitopes (QTSNGGAAY and LFSSHMLDL). In the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that has predicted B- and T- cells epitopes from Fba1 protein by using immunoinformatics to design an effective epitope-based vaccine against C. galabrata.

Biography

Artical Title: Reproductive health care status of the displaced tribal women in India: An analysis using nussbaum central human capabilities

Abstract

In this paper, the author underlines the capabilities of tribal women in post displacement settings. The study was conducted in three wildlife sanctuaries in the Indian States of Odisha and Chhattisgarh namely Simlipal, Chandaka Dampara, and Achankamar. Sequential explanatory study design was employed for collecting the data. A total of 194 displaced tribal women within the reproductive age group of 15–49 years were surveyed and Focus Group Discussion was conducted among the displaced women. Women who had given birth in the last five years were selected using a purposive sampling method. Key findings of the study suggest that women lack awareness of child spacing capabilities (57%) and the unmet need for family planning is comparatively higher. More than half of the women face domestic violence that curtails their capabilities to avail reproductive healthcare services. It also reduces the immediate wellbeing of their children. Women in this study lack control over the decision on reproductive healthcare. Due to this, women lack social and political freedom. The Government of India has taken fewer initiatives to promote effective reproductive healthcare services. Also, there is limited awareness in the rehabilitation colonies on protection from domestic violence.

Biography

Artical Title: The role of digital informal learning in the relationship between students’ digital competence and academic engagement during the covid-19 pandemic

Abstract

During the COVID-19 crisis, digital informal learning is important for students’ academic engagement. Although scholars have highlighted the importance of students’ digital competence in improving digital informal learning, the mediating role of digital informal learning between digital competence and academic engagement has remained ambiguous. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between students’ digital competence and their academic engagement with the mediating role of digital informal learning (DIL) in the higher education context. This study used a descriptive correlational design, and the data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The study sample included 308 students from Shiraz University, Iran. The results showed that digital competence positively and significantly correlated with students’ DIL and their academic engagement. Furthermore, DIL, as the mediator variable, was found to mediate the relationship between students’ digital competence and their academic engagement. Since higher education institutions have a key role in improving students’ academic engagement, particularly in the COVID-19 pandemic, academic administrators should pay more attention to students’ digital competencies and provide them with efficient and user-friendly DIL platforms that can increase their academic engagement.

Biography

I would like to introduce myself as an avid follower of digital education and instructional technology who have been studying the field of digital education for the past twenty years.she held workshops in multimedia and e-content production software for university students voluntarily and collaborated with various professors and participated in online projects (e.g., Constructive Classroom Conversations: Mastering Language for the Common Core State Standards by Stanford University, 2014; Collaboration in the virtual classroom: online and face-to-face collaboration at Dresden University in Germany,2019; In the 14th education and technology summer school 2021 in Dresden). She was also the reviewing board member of the “First Annual Meeting of the International Society of Learning Sciences (ISLS), June 2021, University of Bochum, Germany”. Furthermore, she is the reviewing board member of the “PLOS ONE Journal.”

Artical Title: Persian medicine recommendations for the prevention of pandemics related to the respiratory system: A narrative literature review

Abstract

Background: Pandemics of infectious diseases have long been regarded as societal challenges. This study aimed to summarize the theories of Persian medicine for controlling respiratory disease-related pandemics and to compare these theories with the findings of modern medicine. Methods: We searched the classic medical reference books of the 9th to 19th centuries for the terms ‘polluted air’ and ‘pandemic’, and we searched 4 databases (PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Scopus) with the keywords ‘COVID-19’, ‘pandemic’, ‘history’, and ‘prevention programs’. The results were collected and subjected to content analysis. Results: From the point of view of traditional Iranian physicians, disease prevention is primarily possible by avoiding pathogenic factors. As a secondary solution, reducing one’s susceptibility to the disease is crucial; this can be achieved through cleansing the body and strengthening the mood, reducing food intake, decreasing the internal humidity, disinfecting the house with herbal fumigation, and making use of pleasant aromas. Some of these recommendations are reaffirmed by modern research. Conclusion: Persian medicine techniques may be preventive during respiratory, influenza-like disease pandemics. However, rigorous studies are needed to confirm this.

Biography

Dr. Maryam studied Medicine at the Shahid Beheshti University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran, and graduated as MD in 2011. She then joined the Department of Persian Medicine at Tehran University of Medical Sciences and received her PhD degree in 2016 at the same institution. After one year, obtained the position of an Associate Professor at the Shahed University. She has published about 17 research articles in SCI(E) journals.

Artical Title: Dietary practices of soccer athletes registered at the University of Limpopo, limpopo province, South Africa

Abstract

Background: There is a growing number of athletes participating in soccer sports within the higher institutions of learning. However, studies involving the dietary practices of these athletes remain relatively scarce. Objective: To determine the dietary practices of soccer athletes registered at the University of Limpopo, Limpopo Province, South Africa. Methodology: This was a descriptive quantitative study, which adopted a purposive sampling technique to obtain 31 out of 40 registered soccer athletes representing the University of Limpopo as a team. The approval was obtained from the Turfloop Research and Ethics Committee (TREC). Data were collected at the University of Limpopo sports grounds in the afternoons before the commencement of the training. The demographic status which included the gender, weight, and duration of athletes involved in sports of soccer at the University were collected. The weights of the athletes were also measured using a digital scale from SECA to calculate the nutrient requirements. The dietary practices of athletes were collected using the modified 24-h recall questionnaire on three different days. Athletes were required to recall all food items consumed in the previous 24h. The researchers used household measuring utensils and food models to assist athletes in estimating food quantities. Athletes were required to recall incidences that took place in the previous to associate with food items taken. Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to determine the regularity of consumption of different food items. The nutrient intake for the athletes was obtained from the average analysis of the three 24-h recall questionnaires through MRC Food Finder (version 3.0). The SPSS software (24.0) was then used to determine descriptive tests expressing variables as percentages, means, standard deviations (±SD), and minimum and maximum values. The obtained test results were then compared to the recommendations by the International Society of Sports Nutrition (2018). Results: Majority (81.0%) of athletes engaged in soccer sport for ≤2 years while at University. Overall, 61% of athletes consumed three meals/day. Only 65% consumed meals 2–3h before the training. Majority of the athletes (≥61%) consumed carbohydrates, protein, and fat below the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) recommendations. Additionally, more than 65% of the same athletes consumed vitamins and minerals below the recommendations. None of the athletes consumed any food immediately after training. Conclusion: The dietary intakes were below the ISSN recommendations. The dietary practices of athletes involved in the sport of soccer at the University of Limpopo were not adhering to soccer nutritional guidelines. Therefore, athletes need to receive nutrition support through the appointment of nutrition experts or dietitians to assist in nutrition and dietary related practices of athletes. Involvement of other multidisciplinary members is also warranted in sports of soccer and other sports categories to improve athletes’ performance without compromising their health.

Biography

Artical Title: Evaluation of efficiency of MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4nanocomposite in activation of peroxymonosulfate for degradation of reactive black dye 5 from aqueous solutions

Abstract

Novel copper-nickel ferrite nanocatalyst loaded on multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4) was synthesized and applied to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) in the degradation of the reactive black 5 (RB5). The structure of the catalyst was well characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). The MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4/PMS system showed a high performance in the degradation of RB5 with a kinetic rate of 1.5–2.5 times higher than homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Maximum degradation efficiency (99.60%) was obtained at an initial pH of 7, catalyst dosage of 250 mg/L, PMS dosage of 4 mM, the temperature of 25 °C, and reaction time of 15 min. Anion experiments emphasized that the presence of nitrate, carbonate, and phosphate in the solution reduced the degradation efficiency by producing reactive species with low oxidation potential. The RB5 degradation rate evolved with temperature, and the activation energy was obtained to be 44.48 kJ/mol. The mechanism of PMS activation and production of free radicals was proposed based on tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), ethanol (EtOH), and potassium iodide (KI) scavengers. Trapping experiments showed that both sulfate (SO4 •- ) and hydroxyl (• OH) radicals are involved in the catalytic degradation of RB5. The effective treatment of real wastewater and tap water by the MWCNTs-CuNiFe2O4/ PMS system requires a long reaction time. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis indicated that RB5 can be degraded via methylation, decarboxylation, hydroxylation, and ring/chain cleavage pathways. The stable catalytic activity after three consecutive cycles suggested that MWCNTs-CuFe2O4 is a novel reusability catalyst in PMS activation.

Biography

Artical Title: Environmental statistics and analytics research for preventive medicine and healthcare

Abstract

The recent Coronavirus pandemic brought up the importance of using preventive medicine such as vaccination and keeping your environment clean. Contaminated environment puts everyone at risk, but the risk is higher for certain age or prior illness categories. Big data provided from the hospitals allows us to recognize and analysis trends, patterns, exceptions and categories. Analytics research can shed light on the cause-effect factors and may be used in what-if analysis. Machine learning, which is a branch of artificial intelligence, and heuristic algorithms, may be used to facilitate the discovery of relevant factors in dynamic circumstances. Online libraries of books and papers and large-scale database will be added in the future. Enviroble is a social network platform for environmental information and exchange of ideas. A website and app has been developed and is launched by the authors. Many users, which include environmental activists and students, and many organizations, which include vendors and charities, have already joined the platform. They form and join groups on specific topics where they share knowledge and learn from other groups. Data is gathered and stored for analysis and research on various topics, including environmental and healthcare topics. Related research papers and projects are shared on the platform as well. Further development is expected in the research and statistics topics leading to description, prediction, and prescription.

Biography

Dr. Ariana Darvish is a Post-doctoral Research Fellow at the Vice-provost Office at UCL. She earned her Ph.D. degree from Sustainable Construction Management at UCL. Her research is related to public policy and environmental and animal protection. Dr. Mehran Sepehri is a Senior Lecturer at Faculty of Business and Law at the University of Northampton. He earned his Ph.D. in Industrial Engineering and Management from Stanford University. He has over 25 years of academic and industrial experience.

Artical Title: Prevalence of Nomophobia; And an analysis of its contributing factors in the undergraduate students of Pakistan

Abstract

Background: Nomophobia (no-mobile-phone phobia) is a relatively new term that describes the growing fear and anxiety associated with being without a mobile phone. Aims: Our study aims to determine the prevalence of Nomophobia among the undergraduate students of Pakistan, and to determine its correlation with age and gender. It also aims to determine the contributory factors of Nomophobia. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted through an online survey from March 25 to April 25, 2021. The snowball sampling technique was used for data collection. The Nomophobia Questionnaire NMP-Q developed by Yildrim and Correia was circulated among the target population. It was a 7-point Likert Scale which was analyzed based on age, gender using IBM SPSS version 22 and MS Excel 2007. The contributing factors were also analysed. Results: Of the 483 responses we received, 28 were discarded due to incompleteness and respondents being out of age under study i.e 15-25 years. Most of the respondents were women (n=314, 69.01%). Men were less in number than women (n=141, 31%). The ages of most of the respondents lied between 15- 25. 20 was the mode age. 186 (40.88 %) had severe, 221 (48.57%) had moderate and 48 (10.55 %) had mild Nomophobia. Average factor wise scores and individual item scores were also added. Conclusion: Our findings reached a conclusion that most of the undergraduate students in Pakistan suffer from Nomophobia ranging from its mild to severe form. Nomophobia can possibly be included as a recognized phobia in the DSM. Wider research on the subject to investigate it further and evaluate the clinical significance should be done.

Biography

I am Minaam Farooq- a 4th Year Medical Student from King Edward Medical Student, Pakistan. I started taking interest in research last year (in 2021). By now, I have done multiple observational studies and systematic reviews. I have also volunteered for research on resistant hypertension and cardiorenal drug trials at Einstein Health, Philadelphia. I am also a part of cross-cultural study being conducted by a research supervisor at University of Glasgow, the UK. I am currently serving as a research head of a non-profit organization ‘Humanity Still Exists’ where I have conducted multiple research workshops.

Artical Title: Risks assessment of adherence to non pharmaceutical measures towards covid 19 among residents of Mashhad in the North East of Iran during the awful wave of the epidemic

Abstract

I am a trained Epidemiology with a focus on Modelling, Health System Research, and education researcher. I completed my undergraduate degree at Shiraz University of medical sciences, and completed my master and doctoral degree in Epidemiology at Tehran University. My research interests are Community problems including: addiction, inequalities, abuses, quality of life.

Biography

Artical Title: African swine fever in the northern regions of Cameroon: Seroprevalence survey and spatiotemporal analysis of outbreaks from 2010 to 2017

Abstract

The present study was carried out to establish the spatiotemporal distribution of ASF between 2010 and 2017 in the Adamawa, North, and Far North regions of Cameroon. A retrospective study with data relating to the northern regions from epidemiological reports from target organizations in Cameroon was used to analyze outbreaks of ASF from 2010 to 2016. A prospective study consisting of risk factor analysis and serological investigation of anti-ASF antibodies and ASF RT-PCR antigen detection test in pig farms in the study regions with clinical suspicion of ASF was carried out in 2017. During the period 2010 to 2016, a total of 53 ASF outbreaks were reported and confirmed in the three northern regions of Cameroon and involved 4905 pigs (2232 deaths and 2673 slaughtered for sanitary measures). The seroprevalence for the 2017 serology survey was 5.23% (95% CI [3.57–6.89]) at the individual and 10.81% (95% CI [6.34– 15.28]) at herd level. Region, management of farms system, on-farm slaughter by the owner (OR = 4.60; 95% CI [0.34–46.20]; p = 0.014), and selling of animals to community or to butchers (OR = 4.82; 95% CI [0.51–62.15]; p =0.010) had significant effect on individual level seropositivity of ASF. The viral antigen was not detected by PCR. This study showed that ASF cases have decreased significantly in the northern regions of Cameroon following the epizootic 2010 outbreaks. The findings predict a better future for the pork farming in the regions through the enforcement of strategic measures.

Biography

After several academic internships in veterinary clinics and pharmacies, production laboratories, quality control of veterinary vaccines and drugs, and analysis of animal biological samples, I am a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, I hold a Master's degree in animal physiology and health and an international university diploma in One Health emerging infections. I have practical knowledge in biostatistics and epidemiology, data management and analysis, office automation and computer graphics. I have worked as Director of an Agro-Pastoral and Fisheries Training Centre and as a consultant-analyst for research projects. I am currently working in the field of laboratory epidemiology and am preparing a certification in AMR epidemiology and a PhD in veterinary public health.

Artical Title: Healthcare expenditure and life expectancy in Cameroon

Abstract

The advent of the covid19 pandemic has shown that no country was prepared to curb this type of health shock. Because all governments were overwhelmed by this situation. As of November 17, 2021, the Economist newspaper estimates the number of deaths from covid19 worldwide at around 17 million, the equivalent of the entire population of the Netherlands. Even if this pandemic is not yet behind us (with the appearance of the Omicron variant), it puts the issue of health financing at the end of the day. Because, if some patients with covid19 died on a ventilator, others did not have the chance to be taken care of. Following the Bamako Initiative in 1987, the government of Cameroon adopted a new health policy in 1992 based on the decentralization of healthcare delivery, emphasizing primary healthcare (which refers to essential healthcare based on scientifically sound and acceptable methods and technology, whose ultimate goal is to make better health accessible to all) and the participation of beneficiary communities in the co-financing and co-management of healthcare facilities. African leaders pledged to allocate at least 15% of their national budgets to health at the Abuja Conference in 2001, given its enormous contribution to socioeconomic wellbeing. Healthcare is a serious issue confronting governments and calling for repeated deliberations in international forums. Health, as measured by life expectancy, is one of the key components of the Human Development Index (HDI). Ensuring good health for all link among public health expenditure, private health expenditure and life expectancy in Cameroon. We used annual time series data from 1980 to 2014. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was employed to evaluate the effect of public and private health expenditure on life expectancy while the Toda and Yamamoto causality test was used to examine the relationship among public health expenditure, private health expenditure and life expectancy in Cameroon. The results show that private health expenditure has a positive and significant impact on life expectancy while public health expenditure has no significant impact on life expectancy in Cameroon. The results of the causality test show a bidirectional causality between private health expenditure and life expectancy and a unidirectional causality running from life expectancy to public health expenditure. The findings of this study suggest that the Cameroonian government should continue to embark on its National Development Strategy Paper (NDSP) and in pursuing its vision of attaining the SDGs by 2030. In addition, establishing effective public-private partnerships in developing the health sector could go a long way to improve the health status of the population.was the predominant call of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), re-echoed again in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Several health targets in the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals follow the unfinished agenda of the Millennium Development Goals, which ended in 2015. Economics deals with the distribution of scarce resources which have competing uses. Thus, if a country is spending huge sums of money on healthcare, it is allocating itself a resource. It is making an investment whose outcome must be worthwhile. This outcome can somehow be measured in terms of prolonged life or years of life gained. The first objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the impact of public and private health spending on life expectancy, and the second objective is to examine the causal link among public health expenditure, private health expenditure and life expectancy in Cameroon. We used annual time series data from 1980 to 2014. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regression was employed to evaluate the effect of public and private health expenditure on life expectancy while the Toda and Yamamoto causality test was used to examine the relationship among public health expenditure, private health expenditure and life expectancy in Cameroon. The results show that private health expenditure has a positive and significant impact on life expectancy while public health expenditure has no significant impact on life expectancy in Cameroon. The results of the causality test show a bidirectional causality between private health expenditure and life expectancy and a unidirectional causality running from life expectancy to public health expenditure. The findings of this study suggest that the Cameroonian government should continue to embark on its National Development Strategy Paper (NDSP) and in pursuing its vision of attaining the SDGs by 2030. In addition, establishing effective public-private partnerships in developing the health sector could go a long way to improve the health status of the population.

Biography

After several academic internships in veterinary clinics and pharmacies, production laboratories, quality control of veterinary vaccines and drugs, and analysis of animal biological samples, I am a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, I hold a Master's degree in animal physiology and health and an international university diploma in One Health emerging infections. I have practical knowledge in biostatistics and epidemiology, data management and analysis, office automation and computer graphics. I have worked as Director of an Agro-Pastoral and Fisheries Training Centre and as a consultant-analyst for research projects. I am currently working in the field of laboratory epidemiology and am preparing a certification in AMR epidemiology and a PhD in veterinary public health.

Artical Title: Beading as a therapeutic activity in Ghana

Abstract

Africa’s fascinating bead history predates the African Trade Bead era by over 82,000 years. Beads thought to be over 12,000 years old have been found within Libya, Sudan and Kenya where the Turkana people once recognised beads for their value as currency. Cowrie shell beads and bone beads are thought to be among the first types of beads until glass beads were introduced from Western Europe. The Krobo land is among notable bead manufacturing and beading areas in Ghana today. The presentation discusses the cultural importance of beading in Ghana and how the occupation is used therapeutically in a regional mental health hospital, based on the argument that activities of making intrinsic to traditional, user-centred design practices might impact wellbeing. In addition to wellbeing and their connection to making, the concepts of recycling and income generation are explored in relation to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Biography

Dr Peter O. Ndaa is a lecturer at the Department of Occupational Therapy (OT), University of Ghana. Peter is an experienced Occupational Therapist with over 10 years practicing experience in the UK prior to taking up a job in academia to coordinate a new BSc Occupational Therapy professional course in Ghana. Peter has a PhD in Occupational Therapy from Coventry University. Peter is an academic consultant with University of Gondar, Ethiopia and the Queen’s University, Canada. Peter is on the Editorial Board of the South Africa Journal of Occupational Therapists. Currently Peter is assisting to set up the first Occupational Therapy programme in Ethiopia. Aside his academia roles, Peter is passionate to seeing his clients in their maximum functional capability to participate meaningfully in activities of their choice. [email protected]

Artical Title: Mucormycosis of paranasal sinuses of odontogenic origin post COVID 19 infection: A case series

Abstract

The Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the Middle East respiratory syndromes emerged in 2002 and 2012 respectively. Currently the world is witnessing a global pandemic caused by a novel coronavirus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV- 2) causing the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19). Mucormycosis is a fungal infection primarily affecting individuals with an immunocompromised state like diabetes mellitus, malignancies etc. Patients who have or have had COVID-19 infection with pre-existing uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes mellitus are presumably more vulnerable for emergence of fungal infections cases. This article presents a report of 6 cases with histopathological proven mucormycosis associated with COVID-19 and uncontrolled Diabetes mellitus.

Biography

Artical Title: Impact of the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic on health-related quality of life and psychological status: The role of physical activity

Abstract

Objective: this study investigated the impact of the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and psychological status among adults living in Saudi adults, and whether physical activity modifies this association. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study. Data collected using an online survey, data including demographic information, the impact of COVID-19 (assessed by the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5), HRQoL (Short Form-8), psychological distress (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale), and physical activity behavior (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form) were collected. Results: 518 adults aged ≥18 years (67.4% men) have participated in this study. Adults reporting moderate or high impact of COVID-19 had a lower HRQoL and higher psychological distress than adults reporting a low impact. HRQoL was higher for adults reporting any level impact (low, moderate, or high) of COVID-19 when they participated in recommended levels of physical activity (≥600 metabolic equivalent (MET)-min/week of total physical activity). Moreover, psychological distress was lower in adults reporting a high impact of COVID-19 when they participated in recommended physical activity. Conclusion: In people who have reported a moderate to high impact of COVID-19, this impact was associated with a significantly lower HRQoL and higher psychological distress when compared to those who have reported a low impact level of COVID-19 on them. However, these associations were moderated by the recommended levels of physical activity. Therefore, future studies should consider a longitudinal study design to establish a cause and-effect relationship between the impact of COVID-19 on adults and their HRQoL, psychological status, and level of physical activity.

Biography

Artical Title: Endobronchial tuberculosis simulating acute foreign body inhalation: A case report

Abstract

Endobronchial tuberculosis is a rare form of pulmonary tuberculosis that can be due to the rupture of an infected lymph node through bronchial wall or lymphatic spread to the lining of the bronchial tree. Clinical presentation is non-specific, and can simulate inhalation of a foreign body. Otolaryngologists should be aware of its presentation often atypical. The following case is an unusual presentation of endobronchial tuberculosis in a 23-month-old patient initially diagnosed as a foreign body in the respiratory tract with acute dyspnea with unilateral wheezing and suspected foreign body on chest computed tomography. Bronchoscopy revealed a granulomatous mass in carina and both primary bronchi. Granuloma ablation improved patient’s respiratory status. The pathology revealed an epithelioid and gigantic cellular with caseous necrosis compatible with tuberculosis. This unusual presentation of tuberculosis should be known to otolaryngologists and paediatricians in view of the frequency of tuberculosis in our context as well as increase in its incidence.

Biography

Sara Rochd, M.D. 4th year intern in ENT-HNS in the university hospital Mohammed VI of Marrakech, membre of the head and neck department in the faculty of medicine and pharmacy of Marrakech. Reviewer for the international journal of otorhinolaryngology since December 2021.

Artical Title: Simultaneous covid-19 and dengue epidemic impose a double burden in the limited-resource setting country: Empirical evidence from Bangladesh

Abstract

Bangladesh faces challenges fighting against the concurrent COVID-19 and dengue epidemic with limited resources and more than 170 million large populations. As a resource-limited and highly populated country, Bangladesh is vulnerable to simultaneous outbreaks due to its inadequate health systems, low socioeconomic conditions, natural calamities, migrants, refugees, and concurrent infectious diseases like COVID-19 and dengue. Till now, 1,562,958 confirmed COVID-19 cases, along with 27,699 deaths, have been recorded. At the same time, dengue fever adds fuel to the fire to exacerbate the risks of the COVID-19 pandemic. Since January 2021, 20,336 people have been admitted to hospitals with dengue infections, and 78 fatalities were recorded for the mosquito-borne disease. The dengue epidemic amid COVID-19 placed further strain on Bangladesh’s already stretched health systems. Another health disaster could arise if the COVID-19 outbreak continues and the dengue pandemic spreads further. This study aims to assess the preparedness of Bangladesh to curve the adverse effects of concurrent COVID-19 and the dengue epidemic. First, we provide an overview scenario of the concurrent COVID-19 and dengue epidemic in Bangladesh. Second, the comprehensive literature review and analyzed data answers the main research question, “what are the preparedness and gap between curving the concurrent epidemics?” Finally, we propose specific recommendations for managing simultaneous epidemics considering high population density and limited resource setting environment. DEN-1 and DEN-2 variant outbreaks occurred in past years, but DEN-3, a variant of the dengue virus that increases mortality risk, is more frequent this year. In addition, complicating matters is that dengue fever and COVID-19 have similar clinical and laboratory profiles, making it more challenging to identify the two, and hence there will be an increased chance of misdiagnosis. Besides, COVID-19 patients currently occupy almost all hospital beds and Intensive Care Units (ICUs), making it hard for those with severe dengue to get admitted to a hospital. Core findings of this assessment should provide helpful guidelines to government, researchers, and policymakers for further intervention to take effective short and long-term measures.

Biography

Dr. Md. Shafiul Alam is a health and environmental researcher experienced in working at different aspects of environmental health, public health and environment, epidemiology, and climate change. He is an Associate Professor Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. His research niche includes sustainable environmental and health management, multi-disaster risk management, and exploration of climate change-induced risk reduction strategies. Dr. Alam brings expertise in new scientific knowledge creation, and dissemination. His research works have been published in different internationally and nationally reputed journals and books. He is enthusiastic about collaboration and networking to promote sustainable human and nature relationships and disease-resilient societies.

Artical Title: Effects of e-sportsmanship on aggressive feelings, empathy, self-esteem, and gaming addiction tendencies

Abstract

Few previous studies have identified causal relationships with respect to exploring the detrimental psychosocial effects of e-sports and identifying parameters that could mitigate them.In this study, we created the e-sportsmanship Scale as a variable for healthy use of e-sports. For example, " I don't cheat to win," "I don't badmouth or swear at other players," "I don't do anything that would cause me to lack respect for other players," "Playing fair is more important than winning." e-sportsmanship's impact on aggressive feelings, empathy, self-esteem, and gaming addiction tendencies were revealed through an online survey. A two-wave panel survey was conducted among Japanese youth (n=753) who currently play e-sports at least once a month. Results of cross-delayed analysis showed that high e-sportsmanship was significantly causally related to empathy (β = 0.10) and gaming dependency (β = -0.12). No significant effects on aggressive feelings and self-esteem were found.The results of this study indicate that the use of e-sports with high e-sportsmanship may increase empathy and reduce the tendency to game addiction.

Biography

Associate Professor, Faculty of Media and Information Studies, Surugadai University.PhD ( Socio-Informatics ). Engaged in research on the effects of adolescent game use on health and Internet addiction.

Artical Title: Epidemiology of sleep disturbances among primary school students in Kerman, Iran, in 2019

Abstract

Introduction and objectives: Primary sleep disturbances are common in both children and adults but especially can lead to cognitive problems and educational and psychological disorders. In this study, we evaluated the epidemiology of sleep disturbances among children in Kerman, Iran in 2019. Methods: This cross sectional study was done between 561 children in 2019 in elementary schools of Kerman, Iran. Data were collected by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire that filled by parents and analyzed statistically. Results: A total of 561children with a mean age of 9.54 ± 1.55 years were enrolled. Boys: Girls’ ratio was a 1.01 and consistent across age groups. The prevalence of sleep disturbances in this population study was 26.7% (150 patients) that 51.3% of them were girl. Sleep disturbances were associated with mothers’ lower education level and parents’ higher job positions (P value <0.05). Table 1 Conclusion: This study showed the relatively high prevalence of sleep disturbances among children in this region that needs some program such sleep training or promote the level of parent’s education to reduce it. We recommended some educational programs and preschool screening to evaluate the sleep disturbances and educate their parents for increasing their responsiveness. Abstract should give clear indication of the objectives, scope, results, methods used, and conclusion of your work. One figure and one table can be included in your results and discussions.

Biography

Artical Title: Association of blood pressure variability with cardiovascular events and mortality in old age

Abstract

Elevated blood pressure (BP) is a severe medical condition that significantly increases the risks of organ damage. Hypertension has been consistently demonstrated with a greater risk for cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Most studies have used mean BP as a significant risk factor associated with cardiovascular events, and medical guidelines for managing hypertension are based on usual or mean BP. However, there is accumulating evidence that increased variability in BP measurement is associated with an excessive risk of cardiovascular outcomes and mortality independent of BP mean and other vascular risk factors. BP variability (BPV) is a complex phenomenon that includes short-term (within a period of 24 hours) and long-term fluctuations over time. Short-term and long-term BPV are independently associated with the development, progression, and severity of cardiac and vascular damage and an increased risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. Furthermore, results of clinical trial and cohort studies have concluded that antihypertensive drug classes differ in their effects on BPV associated risk of cardiovascular outcomes such as stroke and coronary heart disease. These results have prompted discussion on whether antihypertensive treatment should be targeted not only towards reducing mean BP levels but also to stabilizing BPV to achieve reliable control of BP gradually, which might be helpful in the prevention of morbidity and mortality in elderly adults.

Biography

Artical Title: Internet of Medical Things (IoMT)-Edge machines to medical machines talk

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence one of the forerunner emerging technology (AI) have come across with the capability to bring together vast proportion of data and technologies to create deep insights and process of optimization accuracy and efficiencies.AI present AI is contributing to both the administrative and clinical care aspects of healthcare delivery system. The need for a better quality of life has led to revolutions in many aspects of human life. Due to the growing population of elderly people in several countries along with the need to reduce the cost of healthcare result in a big need for medical devices that can monitor and diagnose well being of individuals in their daily life and can provides alarm. To achieve this a no of devices as a wearable computing technologies are becoming as Edge devices. These in addition devices are connected in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem and interact with each other to enable various solutions to the end users. The term Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) a healthcare application of IoT technology empowers a network comprises of connected devices, mobile apps that are integrated with sensors radio identification cameras (RFID) etc. The sensing system working as edge perceives change in human parameters environment and then recognize the person location as well as changes in parameters. The Integration and habitation of Internet into our environment has paved a path for IoMT applications and systems into our lives on ground daily basis. The push to add connectivity at the Edges of Networks with devices adding data at an unmatched pace, devices enable patients to choose their application and devices where connecting medical devices are no different from connecting the devices for any other purpose. The fundamental relationship between patient and care shift 24x.7 The IoT based system is responsible for the full care of the patient and these systems are flexible to the patients conditions and there parameters can be set as per patient illness. AI have some challenges, such as centralized architecture, security, and privacy, resource constraints, lack of enough training data. In this Work, I tried to provide an overview related to IoT services and technologies in healthcare. A number of research challenges have been identified, which are expected to become major research trends in the next years.

Biography